2020-2021学年高一英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit3Faster,higher,strongerSectionⅢGrammar导学讲义

Section Ⅲ　Grammar (动名词作主语) 单句填空 1.(教材P26)Knowing(know) where the ball would go wasn＇t easy. 2.(教材P26)Shooting(shoot) with great accuracy was another thing he learnt. 3.(教材P26)In this way, practising(practise)day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. 4.(教材P26)Playing(play) basketball was his dream. 5.(教材P29)Wearing(wear) the latest equipment,such as smart earphones,allows people to get the best out of their training. 动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。

Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.(经常性、习惯性的动作) 看电视新闻已成为我日常生活的一部分。

Talking is easier than doing.(状态) 说起来容易做起来难。

一、动名词作主语的几种情况 1.动名词直接置于句首。

Working in the conditions is not a pleasure but a pain. 在这样的条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。

2.v.-ing形式作主语,有时可以后置,用it作形式主语。

It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。

3.There be 结构中作主语。

There is no saying when he＇ll come. 很难说他何时回来。

There is no telling how many miles you will have to run while chasing a dream. 在追逐梦想的过程中,你不知道要跑多少英里。

4.动名词的复合结构作主语。

当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上所有格名词或物主代词,构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。如: Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们的到来及给予帮助,对我们来说是很大的鼓舞。

二、动名词作主语,谓语动词的形式 动名词(短语)作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害处。

Making noise in class is impolite. 在课堂上制造噪音是不礼貌的。

三、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的区别 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语,在意义上相近,但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。动名词表示已知的事情或经验,不定式通常表示未完成的事情或未达成的目的。

Smoking is not good for health.吸烟不利于健康。

It is not good for you to smoke so much.吸烟太多对你没有好处。

误区警示 用不定式作主语的常见情况: 1)It is necessary/important/impossible/difficult...(for sb.) to do sth. 句型 It is necessary for us to master a foreign language.我们有必要掌握一门外语。

2)It is kind/foolish/clever/stupid/nice/rude/careless/friendly...(of sb.) to do sth. 句型 It is very kind of you to help us.你帮助我们真是太好了。

3)It takes sb. sth. to do sth.句型 It took me two hours to finish the work.我完成那项工作用了两小时。

4)不定式和when/where/how/what/whether等连用,在句子中作主语。

How to solve the problem is still being discussed.怎样解决这个问题仍在讨论中。

Where to put the box seems hard to decide.看上去很难决定把这个箱子放在什么地方。

Ⅰ.单句填空 1.(2019天津)Learning(learn)to think critically is an important skill today＇s children will need for the future. 2.(2020浙江1月高考改编)But using(use) cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money. 3.(2020江苏高考改编)Building such a bridge over the bay was(be) a hard nut to crack, but the local government made it within two years. 4.Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains(remain) an essential skill for our survival. 5.(2018北京)Traveling(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 6.(2018天津)It took him a long time to acquire(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.  7.Having(have)a trip there will give you a good understanding of Chinese culture. 8.An art show will be held next week, and protecting(protect) the environment is the theme of the show. 9.It is essential to take(take) a useful summer vacation after the exam.  10.There is no sense persuading(persuade) him any longer. Once he has made up his mind, nothing can change it. Ⅱ.语法与主题写作 1.写作要点
根据本单元语法知识和主题知识补全句子。

①汤姆小时候梦想成为一名足球明星。

Being a football star was Tom＇s dream when he was a child.  ②空闲时间他一定会踢足球。

Playing football was a must in his spare time.  ③多数人认为,没有很好的足球天赋对他来说是最大的挑战。

Most people believed that not having a very good talent for playing football was the biggest challenge for him.  ④汤姆认为坚持练习迟早会使他成功的。

Tom thought that carrying on practising could surely make him successful sooner or later.   ⑤他的付出得到了回报,他的梦想实现了。

His making efforts paid off and his dream came true.  2.串句成文
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。

Being a football star was Tom＇s dream when he was a child. So playing football was a must in his spare time. However, most people believed that not having a very good talent for playing football was the biggest challenge for him. Despite this, Tom thought that carrying on practising could surely make him successful sooner or later. Finally, his making efforts paid off and his dream came true.