政府开,放数据工具包
来源：监理师 发布时间：2021-04-23 点击：
C ontent s
iii
1.
P lan nin g
an d
M a na geme nt
of
O pen
D at a
P r ogr am m es
1
A.
P r elim in ar y
P h as e
2
B.
D ev elo pm ent
P has e
5
C.
R oll - ou t
P ha s e
10
D.
S t and ar d
P r a ct ic e
P has e
10
2.
M ak in g
O pe n
D at a
I nv ent or ies
a nd
C at al og ues
11
A.
P has e
1 :
P r e par in g
a
M as t er
L is t
of
H i gh - V a lue
D at as et s
12
B.
P has e
2 :
C las s if y i ng
D at as et s
in
t he
M as t er
L is t
14
C.
P has e
3 :
R ele as in g
D at as et s
f r om
t he
I nv e nt or y
t o
th e
O pe n
D at a
C at alo gu e
16
D.
P has e
4 :
U pdat i ng
th e
O pe n
D at a
I nv ent or y
and
C at al ogu e
22
3.
O pen
D at a
P lat f or m s
23
A.
O pt ion
1 :
O n li ne
D ow nl oad
23
B.
O pt ion
2 :
D at a
P or tal
24
C.
O pt ion
3 :
A p pl icat io n
P r o gr am m i ng
I nt er f a ces
( A P I s )
25
D.
K ey
F eat ur es
of
O pe n
D at a
P l at f or m s
25
E.
O pen
D at a
P lat f or m
S olut io ns
27
4.
Ev al uat i on
of
O p en
D at a
P r ogr a mm es
30
A.
St e p
1 :
I n i t i a t i o n
31
B.
St e p
2 :
E v alu at i on
of
R ead in es s
31
C.
S t ep
3 :
Ev alu at i on
of
P ubl is h ing
34
D.
S t ep
4 :
Ev alu at i on
of
I m pact
35
E.
S t ep
5 :
G aps
an d
A ct io n
P l an
R e port
35
5.
O pen
D at a
Q u alit y
37
A.
L ega l
C r it er i a
38
B.
P r act ic al
C ri t er ia
38
C.
Tec hni ca l
C r it er ia
39
D.
S ocial
C r it er ia
40
E.
O pen
D at a
Q u alit y
A ss ur anc e
P r oces s
40
1.
P l anni ng
an d
M anagem ent
of
O pen
D at a P r ogr am m es
A
w el l - d es i gn e d
p l an
i s
ess en t i al
f o r
s u ccess f u ll y
i m p l em en t i ng
a
s u s t ai n ab l e
op en
d at a
p r og r am m e w i th
t h e
d es i r e d
i m p ac t .
W he n
e x ec ut i ng
o pe n
da t a
p r ogr a mm es
or
pr oj ec t s,
a
o ne - si z e- fi ts - al l a ppr oa c h
w ill
no t
b e
e ff ec t i ve.
E ac h
c oun t r y,
c i t y
a nd
i ndi v i d ua l
g ov e r nm e nt al
or ga ni z a t i on
ha s
i t s uni q ue
c o nt e x t .
Thi s
pl a n
w as
de v e l o pe d
ba se d
on
gl o ba l
r e f e r e nc es
t ha t
i nc l ude
a
s t udy
ca rr i e d
ou t
j oi nt l y
by
t h e U ni t e d
N a t i on s
De v e l opm e nt
Pr ogr a mm e
( UN D P )
a nd
t h e
P ar t n er s h i p
f o r
O p en
D at a
( W o r l d
B an k, O pe n
Da t a
I n s t i t ut e
a nd
O p e n
K now l e dge ), 1
t he
Eur o pe a n
Da t a
P or t a l’ s
O pe n
Da t a
G ol dboo k
f or
Da t a M a nage r s
a nd
Da t a
H ol de r s 2
a nd
s u ccess f u l
i n t er n a t i on al
op en
d at a
p r og r am m es
s u c h
as
t ho se
o f t he
U ni t e d
K i ng dom ,
A us t r a li a
a nd
ot he r
c o unt r i es.
T he
pr ese nt
t ool k i t
i s
a l s o
b ase d
on
t he
ES C W A C ap ac i t y
D evel op m en t
m ater i al
on
O p en
Da t a. 3
The
pl a n
c ons i s t s
o f
f our
p ha ses,
w i t h
eac h
p ha se
c o nt a i ni ng
a
n um be r
of
ke y
t asks.
#
P has e
K e y
t a sks
1
P r el i m i nar y
phas e
R un
t he
bas el i ne
dat a
m at ur i t y
as s es s m ent;
D ev el op
t he
ope n
dat a
s t r ateg y .
2
D ev el opm ent
ph as e
D ev el op
t he
ope n
dat a
pol i cy;
C r eate
t he
ope n
dat a
portal ;
P r io r it i z e
and
publ i s h
t he
dat as et s
t hat
s houl d
be
r el eas ed
f ir s t ;
R ecr ui t
t he
cent r al
t eam
f or
coor di nat i ng
t he
op en
dat a i ni t i at i v e/ pr ogr am m e;
B ui l d
hum an
capaci t y .
3
R o ll - out
phas e
P ubl i s h
m or e
hi gh - v al ue
dat as et s ;
I m pr ov e
or g ani z at i onal
capaci t y ;
P r om ot e
t he
us e
of
t he
publ i s hed
open
d at a.
4
S t andar d
pr act i ce
ph as e
M aintain
t he
s us tai nabi li t y
of
t he
open
d at a
pr o gr am m e.
1
Se e :
ht t ps: // t he odi . or g/ a r t i c l e / ho w - t o - pl a n - a nd - budge t - a n - ope n - da t a -in it i a t iv e .
2
Se e :
ht t ps: // www . e ur ope a nda t a por t a l. e u/ s i t e s / de f a ul t / f il e s / e ur op e a n_ da t a _por t a l _-_ ope n_ da t a _gol dbook . pdf .
3
Se e :
ht t ps: // www . une s c w a . or g/ publ i c a t i ons/ ope n - gov e r nm e nt - g r e a t e r - publ i c - s ec t or - t r a ns pa r e nc y - a cc ount a bi li t y .
A.
P r el i m i nary
P h as e
I n
t hi s
ph ase,
t he
or ga ni z a t i on
s houl d
a i m
t o
sec ur e
t h e
pol i t i ca l
a nd
a dm i ni s t r a t i v e
s uppo r t r e qui r e d
t o
s u ccess f ul l y
i mpl e m e nt
t he
pl a n
a nd
t o
de v e l op
t he
bu s i ne ss
case
f or
t h e
o pe n
da t a (OD)
i n i t i a t i ve.
Thi s
ph ase
u s u al l y
s t ar t s
w i t h
a
se n i o r
d ec i s i on
m ak er
au t ho r i z i ng
ex p l o r at o r y
w o r k
an d
no r m al l y en d s
w i t h
a
po li t i c al
d ec l arat i on
t o
l au n c h
t h e
op e n
d at a
i n i t i a t i ve. 4
1.
D ev el oping
t he
O pen
D at a
S t rat egy
To
de v e l op
a n
op e n
da t a
s t r a t e gy ,
i t
i s
r ec om m e n de d
t o
fi r s t
c on s i de r
t he
f ol l ow i ng:
Ma k e
t he
pr o ces s
open
and
col l abor at i v e
by
comm uni cat i ng
t he
s t r at egy
des i g n
pl ans
t o
al l
s t ak eholder s , i ncl udi ng
t he
publ i c ,
and
of f er i ng
t hem
cont i nuo us
updat es ;
Ma k e
i t
engaging
by
al l ow i ng
t he
publ i c
t o
cont ri but e
t o
t he
d es i gn
of
t he
s t r at egy
t hr ough
p ubl i c
cons ul t at i on;
A li gn
t he
s t r at egi c
des t i nat i on
w i th
hi gher - l ev el
or gani z at i onal
or
nat i onal
obj ect i v es
and
agend as .
2.
O ut li ne
of
t he
O pen
D at a
S t rat egy
(a)
C ont ex t
and
B ac k ground
Thi s
sec t i on
s houl d :
O ff er
a
r ev i ew
of
t he
l ocal
env ir onm ent
i n
w hi ch
t hi s
s t r at egy
w as
des i gned
and
w ill
be
i m pl em ent ed ; C ov er ,
at
a
m i ni m um,
ot her
r el at ed
pl ans
and
act i v i t i es
of
t he
or gani z at i on;
C ov er
ot her
pol i t i cal
and
s oci oecon om i c
ci r cum s tances
i n
t he
ci t y
or
count r y .
4
Se e :
ht t ps: // t he odi . or g/ a r t i c l e / ho w - t o - pl a n - a nd - budge t - a n - ope n - da t a -in it i a t iv e / .
5
Se e :
ht t ps: // gul f ne w s . c om / ne w s / ua e / gov e r nm e nt / duba i - ope n - d a t a - c o mmit t ee - f o r m ed - 1. 1429600 .
6
D u b a i d a t a . a e .
7
Se e :
ht t ps : // da t a . gov .i e / bl og/ m i n i s t e r donohoe l a unc he s publ i cc ons ul t a t i onpr oc e ss f or t he na t i ona l ope nda t a s t r a t e gy 2017 - 2022 .
Ex am ple:
I n
D u bai ,
an
op en
data
comm it t ee
was
f or me d
in
D ecem ber
2014
by
decr ee
of
t he
cit y ’ s
cr ow n
pr in ce and
ch air m a n
of
th e
ex ec ut iv e
c oun cil . 5
The
c omm it t ee
i nit i at e d
t he
G ov er nment ’s
ef f or t s
i n
th is
dom ain,
w hi ch lat er
le d
t o
th e
es t ab lis hm e nt
of
t he
D u ba i
D a t a
po r t a l . 6
Ex am ple:
I n
J un e
2017 ,
t he
I r is h
G ov er nment
laun che d
a
p ub lic
cons ult at io n
o n
t he
dr af t
of
t he
cou nt r y ’s
o pen data
s t r at egy
f or
t he
per i od
2017 - 2022. 7
(b)
S t rat egi c
D i rect i on
T h i s
c an
b e
s h aped
as
t h e
“vi s i on ”
o r
t h e
“m i ss i on ”
o f
t h e
p r og r am m e,
o ff er i ng
a
c l ear
d esc r i p t i on o f
t h e
s i t u at i on
t h e
p r og r am m e
as p i r es
t o
ac h i eve.
(c)
O bj ect i v es
T h e
ob j ec t i ves
p r o vi d e
a
qu an t i f i ab l e
ver s i on
o f
t h e
s t r at eg i c
d i r ec t i on .
C on se qu en t l y,
t h ey
h ave
t o b e
s p ec i f i c,
m eas u r ab l e,
at t ai n ab l e,
r el evan t
a nd
t i m el y
(S M A R T).
(d)
S t ak ehol ders
and
G o v erna nce
I dent i f y
t he
s t ak ehol de r s
of
th e
open
dat a
pr ogr am me
( t hi s
m ay
di ff er
bet w een
A r a b
co unt ri es
depen di ng
on t hei r
l ocal
pol i t i cal
and
s oci oeconom i c
cont ex t s ) ;
I dent i f y
s t ak eholder s ’
ex pec t e d
r ol es .
(e)
A ct i ons
I de nt i f y
t he
ac t i on s
t ha t
ne e d
t o
be
t ake n
t o
ac h i eve
t h e
d ef i n ed
ob j ec t i ves .
A s
a
w ho l e,
t h e
ac t i on s s ho ul d
m ov e
f r om
t he
c ur r e nt
s i t ua t i on
t o
t he
as pi r e d
one .
8
Se e :
ht t ps: // da t a . gov . uk / d a t a s e t / 83215e 9c - a 55 e - 4f 15 - 810 c - 8 d3b5 9 bce 6 bc / da t a - f or - l ondon - a - c i t y - da t a - s t r a t e gy .
9
Se e :
ht t ps: // www . e dm on t on. c a / c i t y _ gov e r nm e nt / doc um e nt s / P D F / C i t y of Edm ont on_O p e nD a t a S t r a t e gy . pdf .
10
Se e :
ht t ps: // www . he a l t h. ql d. gov . a u/
da t a / a ss e t s / pdf _ f il e / 0030 / 436809 / ope n - d a t a - s t r a t e gy . pdf .
Ex am ple:
The
d at a
s t r at egy
f or
L ond on
( D at a
f or
L ondo n) 8
cov er s
t he
cont ex t
und er
th e
“ P o li cy
C ont ex t ”
an d “ S t r at egi c
O v er v iew ”
s ect i ons .
The
t w o
s ect i ons
des cr ibe
th e
d at a
lan ds c ape
i n
L o nd on
pr ior
t o
t he
s t r at egy and
t he
s t r at e gy ’s
link ag es
t o
ot her
p olicy
ar eas ,
i nc l ud ing
e ner gy
p oli cy
a nd
t he
br o ad er
s m ar t
cit i es
a genda .
Ex am ple:
In
E dm o nt on ,
C ana da ,
t he
ope n
data
s t r at e gy
h as
th e
v is io n
of
“ le ad ing
th e
w ay
t o
an
o pen ,
s m ar t
and r es ili ent
cit y ” . 9
Th e
k ey words
i n
t his
s t at em ent
( s u ch
as
r es ili ent )
s ho uld
s ha pe
t he
r em a ini ng
s e ct io ns
of
th e s t r at egy ,
es p ecial ly
th e
obj ect iv es
a nd
pr in ci p les .
Ex am ple:
I n
A us t r alia ’s
“ O pe n
D at a
S t r at egy
f or
th e
D e par ...
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