春季初一预科第四讲袁玥学案

　第 四 讲

　Don ’ t eat in class!

　一、 知识梳理

　（一）

　词汇及句型 1. be on time 准时

　 in time 及时

　 2. dining hall 餐厅

　3. listen to music in class 在课堂上听音乐

　4. do the dishes 清洗餐具

　 do one’s homework 做家庭作业

　5. make one’s bed 铺床

　 make breakfast 做早餐

　 make rules 制定规则

　6. be strict with sb 对…要求严格

　 be strict in sth 对 sth 要求严格

　7. follow the rules 遵循规则

　8. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到

　9. run in the hallways 在走廊里跑

　10. fight with sb 和…打架

　11. wear a hat 戴帽子

　 wear the school uniform 穿校服

　 12. be quiet 安静

　 be noisy 吵闹

　13. clean one’s room 打扫某人的房间

　 14. play with friends 和朋友玩

　 15. think about 思考，考虑

　 think of 认为

　16. too many + 可数名词 太多…

　too much + 不可数名词 太多…

　much too + adj. 太…

　17. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

　 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 18. go out 外出 19. remember to do. 记得要做某事

　remember doing. 记得做过某事

　句型：

　1. We must be on time.

　 我们必须准时。

　2. What are the rules?

　 有什么规定？ 3. There must be too many rules.

　 这肯定有太多的规定。

　4. Good luck!

　 祝你好运！

　5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!

　 别把脏盘子放到厨房里。

　6. I can’t relax, either.

　 我也不能放松。

　7. I know how you feel. 我能理解你的感受。

　( 二) 短语辨析 1. hear 、listen 和 和 sound

　都有"听"的意思，但三者是有区别的：

　 ●hear"听说" "听"的内容。

　 Eg:I"m sorry to hear that you are ill.

　I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。

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　 ●listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。

　Eg:Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。

　 The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。

　 ●sound"听起来"

　 Eg:That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。

　It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。

　2. on time 与 in time 区别 ●on time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。

　Eg:He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。

　●in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。

　Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。

　3. put on, wear, dress 区别 put on: 穿(衣服，袜子...)。强调穿的这一“动作”，一般不用于状态：

　put on a coat 穿外套

　put socks on 穿袜子 wear:

　穿着，戴着。一般用于穿戴这一“状态”

　He wears a jacket.他穿着一件夹克 dress:

　为（使）...穿上衣服,用作被动语态时可以作状态。

　He was dressed in a blue coat.他穿着一件蓝色外套。

　My brother is handicapped so I have to dress him.

　我弟弟残疾了，所以我必须为他穿衣服。

　4. have to 和 和 must

　两词都是"必须"的意思，have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。

　My brother is very ill, so I have to call the doctor. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得打电话给医生。(客观上需要做这件事)

　He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）

　2) have to 有人称、数、时态的变化，而情态动词 must 只有一种形式。

　3)

　在否定结构中：

　don"t have to 表示"不必" mustn"t 表示"禁止"，

　You don"t have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。

　You mustn"t tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。

　4) 情态动词 must 的一般疑问，否定回答用 needn’t/don’t have to. ( 三) 语法要点

　祈使句

　A. 概念 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令，祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略主语。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。

　B. 形式

　 （1）肯定祈使句的表达形式：

　① Do 型: 动词原形（+ 宾语）+ 其他

　e.g. 坐下！

　Sit dowm!

　② Be 型: Be + 表语 + 其他

　 e.g. 请安静!

　 (Please) Be quiet!

　③ Let 型: Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他

　 e.g. 让我们一起玩吧!

　 Let’s play!

　 （2）否定祈使句的表达形式：

　① Do 型和 Be 型的否定式都是在句首加 don’t。

　e.g. 不要外出！

　 Don’t go out!

　e.g. 上学别迟到！

　Don’t be late for school!

　② Let 型的否定形式有两种：Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它

　 Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它

　e.g. 别让他走。

　Don’t let him go!

　/

　Let him not go.

　③ 有些可用 no 开头，用来表示禁止的祈使句。

　 e.g. 禁止吸烟！No smoking! 禁止照相！No taking photos!

　二、典例精讲

　【题 例题 1】

　He’s never

　class.

　A. arrive

　B. late for

　 C. arrive late

　 D. late 【题 例题 2】

　Does he have to practice ________ English every day?

　 A. to speak

　 B. speaking

　 C. to say

　 D. saying

　【题 例题 3】

　Please

　 late for the meeting.

　 A. isn’t

　 B. aren’t

　 C. don’t be

　 D. not be

　【题 例题 4】

　Our teacher are very strict

　 us.

　 A. with

　B. to

　C. on

　 D. for 【题 例题 5】

　I have to

　 the room every morning.

　 A. cleans

　B. clean

　 C. cleaning

　 D. to clean

　题 【例题 6】

　】

　My sister _________ go to school today. It’s Sunday.

　 A. doesn’t has to

　 B. don’t have to

　 C. doesn’t have to

　 D. can’t has to 【题 例题 7】

　Don’t _______ music in the classroom.

　 A. hear

　B. hears

　 C. listen to

　D. listens to 【题 例题 8】

　It’s raining all day, so I ______ stay at home.

　A. must

　 B. have to

　C. must to

　D. can

　【题 例题 9】

　There are

　 vegetables in the kitchen.

　 A. too much

　 B. too many

　 C. much too

　 D. many too 【题 例题 10】

　“No

　 !” says the sign.

　 A. smoke

　 B. smoking

　C. smokes

　 D. to smoke

　三、 方法归纳

　1. 祈使句与情态动词用法的区别

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　 祈使句是表示请求或命令的句子。常以动词原形开始。

　情态动词表示一种语气，不可单独使用后接动词原形，不随主的改变而变形。

　2.too many,too much 与 与 much too 易混词组 意义及用法

　too many 形容词，“太，太多”，接可数名词复数There are too many people in the park. 公园里有太多人啦。

　too much 形容词，“太多”，接不可数名词

　I have too much homework today. 我今天有太多作业咯~ much too 副词，“太，非常”，接形容词或副词

　My mother is much too busy. 我妈妈太忙啦~ 3. remember to do. 记得要做某事

　remember doing. 记得做过某事

　forget to do. 忘记要做某事

　 forget doing. 忘记做过某事

　 四、课堂练习

　一．单项选择 1. They don’t have to

　their school uniforms.

　A. dress

　B. have on

　 C. put on

　D. wear 2. Students can’t

　 music in the hallways.

　A. listen

　B. hear

　C. hear to

　 D. listen to 3. A kid

　breakfast every morning, because it’s good for his health.

　A. have to

　 B. has to

　 C. has to have

　D. has to has 4. ________talk in class!

　A. No

　 B. Not

　C. Don’t

　D. Have to 5. He has too ________things to do today.

　A. many

　 B. much

　 C. little

　 D. well 6. Please keep _____ in the reading room.

　 A. quiet

　 B. noisy

　 C. quietly

　 D. noisily 7. We must come to school _________.

　 A. in time

　B. on time

　 C. late

　D.at time 8. I don’t like her, ________.

　 A.also

　B.too

　C.either

　D.to 9. Can we eat ________class?

　A. in

　 B. to

　C. for

　 D. in the 10.----Can you go out ______ school nights?

　----No, I can’t. I have to stay at home.

　 A. in

　B. on

　C. at

　D. to

　二 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.你不能把你的书丢/遗忘在家。

　 You ________ ________your books ________home. 2.我们有更多的规则：不能吵闹，上课不能吃东西。

　 We have ______rules—don’t be ______, don’t______ ______ class.

　3.在晚上，我们也不能放松。

　 In the evening, we can’t ________ ________ 4.父母有时对我们很严历。

　 Parents are sometimes________ ________ us. 6.学校制定规则来帮助我们，所以我们不得不遵守规则。

　School ________rules _______ ________us, so we _______ ________ ________them.

　三． 按要求转换下列句子，每空一词。

　1.

　We can’t listen to music in the classroom.(改为祈使句)

　to music in the classroom. 2．Listen to music in the hallways（改否定句）

　listen to music in the hallways. 3．They have to clean the classroom every day.（对划线部分提问）

　 they have to ______ every day? 4．I want to keep my hair long, too. (改为否定句)

　 I ________

　want to keep hair long,

　__________.

　5. She has to wash clothes every week. (改为一般疑问句)

　_____ she

　wash her clothes every day

　四 ．完形填空

　 There are lots of rules at Selina’s school.

　 She agrees with some __1__ them. For example, they can’t arrive ___2___ , they can’t

　run in the hallways, and they can’t eat in class. All___3___ rules are okay because they’re reasonable(合情合理的).

　 But there are some rules Selina___4___agree with. For example, at her school they have to wear a uniform and they can’t wear jeans. But she thinks jeans are___5___because they’re comfortable. In school, they can’t listen to music in art class. Selina doesn’t agree with this rule. She thinks ___6____ music in art crass is okay.

　 Selina___7___ has to follow some rules at home. For example, ___8____ she wants towatch TV, she has to finish her homework first. And she can’t go out with her friends ___9___school nights, that is, from Monday to Friday, she also has to clean her room ___10___week. Luckily, she doesn’t have to take out the trash（垃圾）. She hates it. 1.

　A．of

　 B．from

　 C．to

　D．under

　2.

　A．busy

　 B．late

　C．scary

　D．happy 3.

　A．this

　B．that

　C．these

　 D．it 4. A．didn’t

　 B．isn’t

　C．don’t

　D．doesn’t 5. A．good

　 B．heavy

　C．bad

　 D．expensive

　6. A．listening

　B．listening to

　C．listen to

　 D．listen

　7. A．too

　B．else

　C．also

　D．other

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　 8. A．because

　B．so

　 C．but

　D．if

　9. A．on

　B．in

　 C．at

　D．with 10. A．two

　 B．next

　 C．every

　D．last

　五、中考链接

　（2013.兰州）

　A sign is a kind of language．Here are some of them that you can see on the roads．

　 Number one is a sign with the number“thirty”on it．When drivers see this sign．they must not go at a speed of more than thirty kilometers an hour．We see this sign when We are getting near towns．Number two means that we’re near a crossing．We must drive carefully．Number

　three is a sign that there is a bend(转弯)in the road．Again，We must drive slowly and carefully．It is not safe to go round a bend very fast．Number four is a sign that there is another road in from the right．There is a junction(交叉点)at this place．Number five is a sign that there is a hill and Number six is a sign that the road gets narrower．Drivers must go slowly and carefully．Number seven has the word“SCHOOL”on it．This is a sign that there is a school at the side of the street or the road．Perhaps there are children going to or leaving school，so drivers should look carefully and go slowly．Number eight is a sign with the letter“P”on it．The letter“P”means “Parking”．In some places．there are the signs saying“NO PARKING”or“NO WAITING”．If a driver leaves his ear near one of these signs，a policeman may come and write down the number of his car. 1．At places where you see sign l ，___________.

　A．you are already out of the town

　B．you still have thirty kilometers to go

　C．there is a town thirty kilometers away

　 D．there are many houses and buildings not far away 2．Sign 2 stands near a place where________.

　 A．two roads cross

　 B．people can cross the road

　 C．the road gets narrow

　 D．there are no traffic lights 3．You have to drive not only slowly but al4 carefully when you see________．

　 A．each of the eight signs

　 B．either of signs 2 and 3

　C．all of signs 3，6，and 7

　 D．any of signs 3，6，7 and 8 4．A driver can leave his car__________．

　 A．near a sign with “NO PARKING” on it

　 B．near sign 8 at any time

　 C．near a sign with“NO WAITING”if there are no police there

　 D．near a sign with“P”0n it in the daytime 5．People put these signs on the roads to________．

　 A．show drivers the way

　 B．stop cars

　 C．make driving safer

　D．learn another kind of language