谈生态文明建设意义与对策

　 谈生态文明建设的意义与对策

　 摘 要：社会在不断的进步，人类利用自然资源的能力也不断的进步，同时对环境的破坏也越来越严重。面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势，我们党在十八大中首次提出“生态文明”新理念，在十八大中进一步重点提出了建设生态文明，讲其放在了突出地位。本文介绍了生态文明的概念，阐述了加强建设生态文明的重大意义，提出了建设生态文明的若干对策。

　 关键词：生态文明 重大意义 对策

　1 生态文明的概念

　一般来说，“生态文明”是指人类社会在改造自然造福自身的过程中为实现人与自然和谐所付出的努力及其获得的全部积极成果。从狭义上说，生态文明是社会文明的重要组成部分，与物质文明、政治文明和精神文明相对应。生态文明是指人类为实现人与自然和谐相处所付出的努力及其获得的积极成果，表现为人们的生态意识的增强、生态制度的完善和生态环境的改善等。从广义说，生态文明是一种文明类型。从人类文明形态演技的角度来看，人类社会大体上经历了原始文明、从业文明、工业文明三个阶段，现在正处于从传统工业文明向现代生态文明的过渡时期。文明基本类型的划分，主要是根据不同时期的核心产业而加以区分。工业文明是以工业为核心产业的文明形态，生态文明则是以生态产业为核心产业的文明形态，是后工业文明时代的文明类型，它是人类社会（包括中国共产党）在反思传统工业文明弊端的基础上提出并且努力建设的一种文明形态，它不仅意味着要改造传统的产业结构、增长模式和消费模式，而且涉及到制度、观念等要素的全面变革。

　从生态文明的结构来看，生态文明首先包括强烈的生态文明观念，这就要求我们摆脱“人类中心主义”，不能仅把自然看作人类征服和掠夺的对象，而应该把人看做自然界的重要组成部分，树立人与自然和谐相处的文明观念；其次，生态文明包括一系列为促进资源能源节约和环境保护、建设而建立起来的组织机构和制度规范；再次，生态文明还包括人们在生态观念指导下和生态制度的规约下采取的生态实践活动。

　2 生态文明建设的重大意义

　2.1 生态文明建设是我国特殊国情的必然抉择

　我国是一个拥有13亿人口的发展中国国家，在全面建设小康社会的过程中，面临着全面发展经济和保护生态环境的双重任务。经济发展的过程中，不能忽视生态环境的保护。但是在现实生活中，存在中发展了经济破坏了生态环境的情况。人口众多，破坏严重，所以加强生态文明建设对我国意义重大。

　2.2 生态文明建设是传承中华名族传统思想文化的迫切需要

　源远流长的中华民族传统思想文化中有好多保护环境、人与自然和谐统一、建设美好社会的思想。儒家所追求的人与自然统一的“天人合一”思想，在中国传统文化中占主导地位，主张天道与人道、自然与人为的相通、相关、相类和统一，倡导人与自然的和谐。道家极力主张人要节欲知足，要感恩大自然，以为人与人的和谐比不上人与自然的和谐。佛家不但主张万物都是“佛性”的体现，还主张众生平等，万物皆有生存的权利。

　2.3 生态文明建设是健全我国社会主义文明体系的内在要求

　生态文明值指的是人类在处理与自然关系时所达到的文明程度。生态文明是社会主义文明体系不可或缺的组成部分，是与物质文明、精神文明以及政治文明相并列的人类文明形式之一。

　2.4 生态文明建设是构建社会主义和谐社会的基本要求

　社会主义和谐社会中的“和谐”，包括人与人、人与自然、人与社会的和谐，其中，人与自然的和谐是构建和谐社会的基础。

　2.5 生态文明建设是我国树立社会主义国家良好形象的客观需要

　生态环境问题成为西方国家争夺选民支持的重要筹码的事实表明，生态运动已登上世界政治舞台。当今世界，决定一种社会经济制度发展形式和前途的重要因素之一是生态问题，这也为社会主义国家在世界范围的传播提供了极好的机会。

　加强我国生态文明建设，既能树立起我国作为社会主义国家的良好形象，也能逐渐改变西方国家对社会主义制度的某些误解，促进社会主义因素在全球范围的传播。

　2.6 贯彻落实科学发展观的基本要求

　党的十八大报告明确提出“建设中国特色社会主义理论体系”概念，并且把科学发展观与邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想等一起纳入建设中国特色社会主义理论体系之中，作为新世纪新阶段我国经济社会发展的重要指导思想。在当代中国，坚持科学发展观就是真正坚持马克思主义与中国特色社会主义。科学发展观的本质是坚持以人为本原则，把人民群众利益（包括物质利益、政治利益、经济利益和生态利益）作为经济社会发展的目的和归宿；科学发展观的基本内涵之一是坚持可持续发展。因此可以说，注重环境保护和建设，提高资源能源利用效率，努力建设生态文明，促进人与自然和谐发展，是我们贯彻落实科学发展观的基本要求。

　2.7 促进“和谐社会”与“和谐世界”的构建

　党的十六大以来，以胡锦涛为总书记的中央领导集体提出建设“和谐社会”与“和谐世界”的重要战略任务。党的十八大，新一届领导集体进一步提出了它。树立生态文明观，建设生态文明，对于构建“和谐社会”与“和谐世界”具有积极的促动作用。

　构建社会主义和谐社会是中国共产党的“和谐理念”在内政上的重要体现。它不仅包括人与人、人与社会的和谐，也包括人与自然的和谐。“人与自然和谐发展”是社会主义和谐社会的基本特征之一。在现代化建设过程中，努力建设生态文明，不仅能够保证人类有个舒心的生活环境与良好的生活质量，促进人与自然的和谐相处，而且能够保证一代接一代地永续发展，实现代际公平与代际和谐。

　构建和谐世界是中国共产党的“和谐理念”在外交上的重要体现。它既可以保证为中国现代化建设创造和平的国际环境，也是我国作为一个大国应该承担的国际责任。在推进构建和谐世界过程中，建设生态文明是个重要条件。和谐世界应该是一个不同民族国家或地区（不论社会制度）既和平共处而又互利共赢的世界。我国不仅要致力于自身发展，而且作为一个大国要为世界和平与发展事业做出自己的积极贡献。我国只有走新型工业化道路，建设生态文明，回应国际社会在资源能源和环境等问题上的关切，致力于与国际社会一起通过协商与合作解决共同面临的（如发展和环境关系）问题，才能建设一个和谐的世界。

　3 建设生态文明的对策

　生态文明的核心是人与自然和谐相处。应大力提倡绿色生产、绿色消费、文明消费,弘扬人与自然和谐相处的核心价值观,在全社会牢固树立与保护生态相适应的政绩观、消费观,形成尊重自然、热爱自然、善待自然的良好氛围。

　3.1 加强生态文明制度建设

　要把资源消耗、环境损害、生态效益纳入经济社会发展评价体系。建立体现生态文明要求的目标体系、考核办法、奖惩机制。建立国土空间开发保护制度。完善最严格的耕地保护制度、水资源管理制度、环境保护制度。深化资源性产品价格和税费改革。建立反映市场供求和资源稀缺程度、体现生态价值和代际补偿的资源有偿使用制度和生态补偿制度。加强环境监管。健全生态环境保护责任追究制度和环境损害赔偿制度。加强生态文明宣传教育，增强全民节约意识、环保意识、生态意识，形成合理消费的社会风尚，营造爱护生态环境的良好风气。

　我们一定要更加自觉地珍爱自然，更加积极地保护生态努力走向社会主义生态文明新时代。

　3.2加强宣传教育，提高生态文明意识

　生态环境问题的根源，在于人们对生态环境缺乏正确的认识。从一定意义上说，建设生态文明需要建立与生态文明要求相适应的思维方式。建设生态文明,需要全体国民的参与和自觉行动。因此,应该采用多种形式进行宣传和教育,普及生态环境知识,以提高公众生态文明意识。

　（1）持续开展生态教育，提高全民忧患意识

　（2）鼓励公众积极参与生态保护和监督

　3.3改变生产方式，建设环境友好型社会

　环境友好型社会是一种人与自然和谐共生的社会形态，其核心内涵是人类的生产和消费活动与自然生态系统协调可持续发展。

　环境友好型社会是由环境友好型技术、环境友好型产品、环境友好型企业、环境友好型产业、环境友好型学校、环境友好型社区等组成。主要包括：有利于环境的生产和消费方式；无污染或低污染的技术、工艺和产品；对环境和人体健康无不利影响的各种开发建设活动；符合生态条件的生产力布局；少污染与低损耗的产业结构；持续发展的绿色产业；人人关爱环境的社会风尚和文化氛围。我们的社会是环境友好型的社会的话，那么我们的生态也会是文明的。

　为此，我们要做到：第一，努力实现从资源粗放型向资源节约型经济发展方式改变。第二，调整产业结构，发展环境友好型生态产业。

　3.4 推广健康生活方式，建设资源节约型社会

　资源节约型社会是指在生产、流通、消费等领域，通过采取法律、经济和行政等综合性措施，提高资源利用效率，以最少的资源消耗获得最大的经济和社会收益，保障经济社会可持续发展的社会。资源节约型社会是一个复杂的系统，它包括资源节约观念、资源节约型主体、资源节约型机制、资源节约型体系等。我们做到了节约资源，也就保护了生态环境，进而对建设生态文明做了大大的贡献。

　健康的生活方式有助于我们建设生态文明，所以我们要：第一，

　倡导绿色消费的生活方式。第二，追求适度消费的生活方式。第三，提倡节俭的生活方式。

　3.5 加快生态文明法制建设

　在我国生态文明建设的进程中，健全的法律体系和良好的法治氛围，具有道德不可替代的作用。所以我们必须注视生态文明法制建设，做到：第一，加快生态环境立法。第二，提高生态环保执法力度和公共监督水平。

　3.6 制定生态文明经济政策

　经济激励政策是科技促进生态文明的根本性保障。经济主体做出技术研发或技术采纳的决策，都有内在经济原因，都受到成本效益规律的驱动。因此，如无较强的经济政策作为保障，建设生态文明将会困难重重。我们可以指定的经济政策有：一，绿色税收。二，环境收费。三，绿色资本市场。四，生态补偿。五，排污权交易。六，绿色贸易。

　3.7 大力发展循环经济

　循环经济的优势在于：生产和消费最少资源、排放最少的废弃物、无害废弃物作为资源合理的加以利用，把经济活动对生态环境的影响和破坏降低到最低限度，以最少的成本，获得最大的经济和生态环境效益。

　循环经济是依靠生态型资源循环实现发展的经济模式,它要求人类社会的经济活动以生态学规律为指导而不是遵循机械论规律,因此其本质上属于一种生态经济。“减量化,再利用,再循环”是循环经济的操作原则,此即著名的循环经济“3R”原则。所以，大力发展循环经济，有助于建设生态文明。

　3.8 逐步推进生态示范区建设

　建设生态文明需要统筹好人与自然的关系,要大力加强生态区域建设,着力建设和保护好各区域内森林、湿地、沙漠等生态系统,构建结构合理、功能协调的生产生态体系。

　3.9 制定科学的生态文明发展规划

　我国现在的环境问题许多都是由于从前的大布局和大结构有问题造成的。只有根据人口、资源、环境、经济的容量总量,制定城市和区域的发展目标,及相应的循环经济发展规划,并实施,才能解决问题,才能不出问题,可持续发展才能实现。

　3.10 强化政府职能作用

　鉴于环境资源的稀缺性和公共物品的特点,只有政府才能担任管理的重任。生态经济是一项集经济、环境、社会于一体的系统工程,它要求人们转变观念,彻底改变行为方式,而这一过程依靠市场自发形成是绝对不可能的,必须依靠政府来保证其实施。政府充分发挥协调和服务职能,重点执行好综合决策制度,环境影响评价制度,污染物集中控制制度,清洁生产审计制度,公众参与制度等,非常必要。

　3.11 发展环保产业，提高科技水平

　生态文明要求从根本上减轻经济增长对环境的压力,从而实现环境与资源对经济建设的持续支撑,充分体现新型工业化的要求。高新技术和专利技术是发展生态文明的技术支撑和推动力,环保产业是生态文明的产业支柱和有力的催化剂。环保产业以物质循环利用、废物最小化为追求目标,为清洁生产、废弃物充分利用和物质资源综合利用提供信息服务、技术服务和物流服务。

　3.12 广泛参与全球生态交流与合作，创造生态文明建设良好的国际环境

　我们人类都生存在同一个地球上，保护生态环境，建设生态文明不是中国一个国家的事情，而是全人类、全社会都应该做的事情。不同的国家有不同的技术，人类的智慧各种各样，所以我们国家要建设生态文明，就要广泛参与全球生态交流与合作，创造生态文明建设良好的国际环境。做到：第一，积极参与国际生态文明制度构建。第二，加强双边、多边区域合作。第三，保障国际贸易中我国的生态安全。

　4 结束语

　建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。党和国家要切实做到保护生态环境，建设生态文明，而不是空喊口号。对于我们每一个普通人来说，也应该真的响应国家领导人的政策，从我做起，从小时做起，大家齐心协力，共建我们美好的家园。

　参考文献：

　[1]薛晓源，李惠斌.生态文明研究前言报告.华东师范大学出版社，2006马克思恩格斯全集：第25卷.人民出版社，1974[3] 夏群友．论人与自然的和谐发展[J]．理论前沿，2010，(1)．

　[4]徐民华. 马克思恩格斯的生态观及其当代价值[J] . 社会主义研究,1999 ,(5) :1 - 3.

　[5]梁小民. 西方经济学导论[M] . 北京:北京大学出版社,1982.

　Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major issues related to the lives of the workers and staff.Four, evaluation and supervision of leading cadres at all levels of the company, and put forward suggestions on punishment and the appointment.In five, the workers' Congress meeting, can by the general manager on behalf of the government, the chairman of the trade union staff representatives signed the system of equal consultation and collective contract, for the common goal for the development of the company, each other is to assume the obligation to ensure the implementation.Staff representative of the third chapterEighth employees of the company in accordance with the law to enjoy political rights were elected as representatives of the employees of cocoa.Article 99 the employees' representatives to the department room or the basic level branch as a unit, directly elected by the workers. The operators, technical personnel and management personnel, leading cadres and young workers, female workers have accounted for a certain proportion, the company and the Department of leadership cadres of the general staff to do the total number of deputies to 55 points.Tenth employees on behalf of the Ministry or the basic unit of the Department of the unit is a single unit of the delegation, elected head..Eleventh staff representatives for implementation of the permanent system of election, once every two years, may be re elected. The election of representatives of the employees table unit employees, elected units and workers have the right to supervise and replace the withdrawal of representatives of the staff and workers units.The rights and obligations of the representatives of the twelfth staff and workers:A table, in the staff representative meeting, have the right to vote, to be elected in voting and voting rights. The right to execute executive Congress resolutions and proposal to implement the situation to be checked.Two, on behalf of workers should work hard to improve their own quality, on behalf of the legitimate interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the opinions and demands of the masses of workers, law-abiding model good books work.Three, on behalf of the staff and workers to exercise democratic rights, any organization and individual shall not suppress obstruction and strike retaliation.The fourth chapter organization systemThe thirteenth generation of workers congress delegation chairman presided over the meeting discussion, the members of the presidium shall, operators, managers and technicians. Our company middle-level cadres, including workers, technical personnel, management staff should be more than half.The fourteenth section of the workers' Congress held once a year at least for each meeting, there must be 33 points more than two staff representatives attend the seats. In case of major matters by the general manager, the labor union of the company more than 1/3 staff or staff representatives proposal may convene the meeting. The workers' Congress elections held and resolutions must be approved by all workers represented by more than half.Twenty-fifth of the workers congress around increase and enhance the vitality of enterprises, promote the technology step by step, improve economic efficiency, for enterprise management, an important problem of distribution system and workers life and fix the issue. Staff and workers congress decided in its position within the scope of authority, without consent shall not be modified by the workers' Congress change.Table sixteenth employee representative congress is not in session, the need for temporary solutionAn important question by trade unions called post head meeting of representatives of the staff and workers, and consultation with the down of a workers' congress report confirmed. Head meeting may participate in according to the meeting invited the leadership of the company and other relevant personnel.The fifth chapter of the staff and workers' Congress and the trade unionSeventeenth work as a staff representative of the general assembly of the work of the organization, to undertake the following work:First, the organization of staff and workers elected representatives.Two, the collection of workers on behalf of the major issues of the proposal, presided over the work of representatives of the general assembly of the preparatory work and the organization of the meeting.Three, presided over the meeting of representatives of the staff and workers on behalf of the meeting.Four, the organization of specialized teams to investigate and research, to make recommendations to the workers' Congress, inspection and supervision and supervision of the implementation of the resolution of the general assembly, the implementation of the staff and workers to implement the resolution of the General Assembly on behalf of workers.Five, to the staff and workers into the democratic management of publicity and education, the organization of staff and workers on behalf of the learning policy, business and management knowledge, improve the quality of the staff representatives.Six, accept and deal with the complaints and suggestions of representatives of the staff and workers, maintenance of the legitimate rights and interests of workers.Seven, the organization of democratic management of its other work.The sixth chapter of the Department of the room, the team's democratic managementAccording to the specific circumstances, the eighteenth department may take the form of the employees' Congress or the employee's representative office to exercise democratic management power in the affairs of the authority of the Department.Nineteenth teams and groups of democratic management, by the workers directly participate in the team's trade union leaders and workers under the auspices of the activities carried out under the auspices of the team building by the trade union leader to assist the squad leader.The seventh chapter supplementary provisionsArticle twentieth the company's trade unions shall be responsible for the interpretation of these regulations.Article twenty-first of the regulations issued from the date of promulgation.Trade union workOne, promote the party's road line, principles, policies, the implementation of the higher level of union spirit, under the leadership of the Party committee and the completion of the work of the task.Two, strengthen democratic management, do a good job of the staff and workers' Congress held preparatory, and closing work, do not hold regular workers delegation head of the meeting, to ensure the smooth flow of the main channel of democracy.Three, adhere to the "22" maintenance of unity, do a good job in the labor dispute mediation work, the protection of the specific interests of the masses of the protection of the masses of workers from invasion.Four, strengthen the source participation, actively participate in the company's various policy strategies, measures to develop, and supervise the implementation of the line, reflecting the wishes of the majority of workers and requirements.Five, the organization of workers to carry out labor competition, to make reasonable proposals, small leather, small inventions to create a living activity, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the production of workers.Six, to carry out the "warm and warm project" activities for the workers to run everything, practical things, to help solve the difficult life, do a good job of mutual assistance insurance and staff and workers to study and research work.Seven, establish and perfect the trade unions at all levels, achieve organization system network, fixed regularly held congress, a good new member of the development and transfer of work.Eight, establish and improve the levels of female workers organization, coordination of relevant departments to do a good job of female female workers "four period", play essential role of female workers into the sky, to promote the development of production, protect the legitimate rights and interests of women workers are not infringed.Nine, the group organized the staff to carry out health, education and teaching in music, small and diverse cultural and sports activities, active corporate cultural life, and strive to enhance the cohesion of the enterprise.Ten, to strengthen the financial management of the union, according to the trade union funds on time, to develop the use of the labor union funds budget, reasonable expenses, and do a good job in the collection and use of union dues.Union membership management systemArticle 1 this regulation is formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the articles of association of China's trade union, and with the company's actual situation.Second who meet the conditions for membership in the Union constitution and the provisions of the China < >, has signed a labor contract with the company staff can apply to join into the union.Third apply for unionized workers, shall I put out the application, and the Chinese National Federation of trade unions shall fill in "application form" and "trade union membership registration form", by the union approval group and grass-roots trade union audit, is a member of the union. Its membership from the union committee approved the date since.Fourth trade union members should actively participate in the activities of the union, the right to exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations, and timely payment of contributions.Fifth members will be free to go back. Members of the withdrawal will be written application, through the trade union group, approved by the labor union committee, from the day of withdrawal will stop paying their dues.Sixth members do not have the proper reason to continue for 6 months without payment of membership dues, do not participate in the processing will organize life, education refused to correct, should be regarded as automatic withdrawal.Article 77 where serious crimes and criminal sanctions by members of trade unions, by the Committee for discussion and decision, dismissed its membership.The relationship between the eighth members of the organization changes with the change of labor relations, the labor relations of the members change, the relationship between the members of the human relations with me to transfer, with the membership card to transfer.Ninth to master company membership, every month 25 days before this grass-roots trade unions shall fill in "grass-roots union members report > union office reported to the company, requirements in a timely manner, digital true and reliable.Tenth such as the management of the members of the lost Dangdang, causing unnecessary labor disputes, etc., will be held responsible for the relevant personnel.Eleventh handle refund formalities will have workers, and apply for membership, allowing it to re apply for the admission procedures.Twelfth members retired, retired, laid-off, insurable retained membership. Membership retention period from dues. Members maintain membership, no longer have the right to vote and to be elected in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. In addition to enjoy the insurance benefits, the same treatment will no longer enjoy membership.Thirteenth the Ordinance shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation, and the right to interpret it shall be in the company's trade union committee.Union chairman job dutiesOne, in the company Party branch and the superior trade union under the leadership of the trade union committee, presided over this unit is responsible for the daily work. The trade union work plan, regular arrangement, examination, summing up the work, and timely reporting to the Party branch and trade unions.Two, the implementation of the implementation of the party's line, principles, policies, adhere to the production and operation of enterprises as the center of the heart and to democratic management as the focus, play the essential role of working mechanism of the Congress, the comprehensive carry out the activities of trade unions.Three, the implementation of democratic centralism principle, chaired by members of the general assembly or a member of Congress, trade union committee, democracy, brainstorming, the trade unions do to promote the harmonious development of enterprises and employees, the stability and unity of the home of workers.Four, support the work of enterprise administration, to participate in the development of the enterprise planning, reform and innovation and life and other important work to discuss the work, and actively put forward reasonable proposals.Five, do the preparatory work of the Congress, to complete the work of the congress delegate support.Six, pay attention to listen to the opinions and requirements of the majority of members, in a timely manner to the Party branch and the administrative counter reflection, the maintenance of the rights and interests of workers and the vital interests of the enterprise administrative staff to help improve the welfare of workers.Seven, the organization to carry out health and physical and mental health of the culture and entertainment, sports activities.Eight, responsible for the scope of trade unions in the political learning, assessment, awarding work.Nine, to assist the female staff members will do a good job of female staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of female workers.Ten, assist enterprises in the relevant aspects of the association, do a good job in the work of retired workers and their families.Eleven, the examination and approval of trade union funds.Twelve, timely completion of the party organization and the work of the superior union arrangement.Detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations of the staff and workers' CongressChapter I General ProvisionsThe first one according to the People's Republic of China constitution in < > and < theconsolidation industrial workers congress during the People's Republic of China regulations cases of industrial enterprises owned by the "spirit, the regulations implementing rules are formulated.The second company employee representative congress is the basic form of democratic management of the enterprise, is the right agency workers to exercise their democratic management. The main work is the trade union committee organization of the staff and workers' Congress, responsible for the daily work of the workers' Congress.Third employees in the company under the leadership of Party branch, to implement the party's line, principles and policies of needles, and state laws and regulations, correctly handle the state, collective, individual interests of the three, in the law within the prescribed scope of authority.Article 44 the Congress shall actively support the general manager of the company to exercise the management decision and the unified command of production, scientific research activities authority.Fifth to establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the staff and workers to review the major decision of enterprises in the trial supervision, administrative leadership, role and rights to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests and so on.Article 66 The Congress implement democratic centralism in the system.Second chapter of authorityThe Seventh Congress exercised the following powersFirst, the right to consider proposalsListen to the general manager of the regular work report; review; business policy, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan; basic construction plan; major technical transformation scheme;; employee training plan; financial budget is put forward opinions and suggestions; gold funds allocation and use case.Two, the review of the consent or vetoThe salary adjustment scheme of the enterprise; the bonus scheme; the labor protection measures; the reward measures for the employees and the important rules and regulations of the enterprise are reviewed.Three, to consider the right to decide:For workers Fulili fund; workers housing allocation; other important matters relating to workers Living welfare review will be decided.Four, appraisal, supervision powerLeading cadres at all levels of supervision, regular review, general manager of the office should fulfill the duties and objectives of supervision, the layers of cadres to the general manager of science can be put forward to praise, reward, punishment, promotion or group of criticism, dismissed suggestions.Five, the right to democratic electionsAccording to the superior department in charge of the deployment of the competent authorities or the approval of the higher authorities, the staff representatives of the people's democratic recommendation or the election of enterprise administrative leadership, and the election results reported to the competent authorities for approval.The Eighth Congress will be the taskFirst, the party and government departments to do a good job of the "two" civilization, the workers of the ideological, discipline and professional ethics education.Two, Congress should support education workers of the company general manager for the mobilization of workers to carry out the exercise of the powers, the provisions, abide by discipline, efforts to complete the task.Three, close contact with the general staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the views and requirements of the workers.Staff representative of the third chapterThe ninth company employees entitled to political rights in accordance with the provisions of the law, can be elected as the representative of the staff.Tenth representatives of the staff and workers to produce, should take the Department, the workshop as a unit, by the workers directly elected, not appointed by the leadership of the leadership. The number of its representatives should be accounted for 10-20%. of the total number of workersEleventh a staff representative should be a worker, technical personnel, management personnel, workers and other leading cadres group consisting of young workers and female workers should be accounted for a proper proportion. A guest, attend on behalf of several seats.According to the needs of the work and the number of representatives of the composition of a number of representatives of the table group, elected leader, deputy leader.Twelfth representatives of the staff and workers of real implementation of the permanent system, every three to four years of election election once, may be re elected.Article thirteenth supplementary supplementary of theJapan soldiers at face value, without trace, left. (22) Shen Longbao bricks crushed to death the Japanese autumn 1941, new Cheng Shen Longbao CPC underground party members were ordered to scout the Japanese military, as he was walking along the top edge of the new town to scout behind the Japanese military police, probably not a box gun

　Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major issues related to the lives of the workers and staff.Four, evaluation and supervision of leading cadres at all levels of the company, and put forward suggestions on punishment and the appointment.In five, the workers' Congress meeting, can by the general manager on behalf of the government, the chairman of the trade union staff representatives signed the system of equal consultation and collective contract, for the common goal for the development of the company, each other is to assume the obligation to ensure the implementation.Staff representative of the third chapterEighth employees of the company in accordance with the law to enjoy political rights were elected as representat