全面推进中非新型战略伙伴关系

　 全面推进中非新型战略伙伴关系

　——在中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议开幕式上的讲话

　中华人民共和国国务院总理　温家宝

　2009年11月8日　沙姆沙伊赫

　Building the New Type of China-Africa Strategic Partnership

　Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation

　by Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

　Sharm el-Sheikh, 8 November 2009

　尊敬的穆罕默德?胡斯尼?穆巴拉克总统阁下，尊敬的各位国家元首和政府首脑阁下，尊敬的非洲联盟委员会主席让?平阁下，各位代表团团长、部长和大使阁下，女士们、先生们：

　Your Excellency President Mohammed Hosni Mubarak,

　Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government,

　Your Excellency Mr. Jean Ping, Chairperson of the AU Commission,

　Your Excellencies Heads of Delegation, Ministers and Ambassadors,

　Ladies and Gentlemen,

　来到美丽的海滨城市沙姆沙伊赫，与出席中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议的各位朋友畅叙友情、共商合作，我感到非常高兴。作为本次会议共同主席国的总理，我谨代表中国政府，对各位与会嘉宾表示热烈欢迎，对埃及政府为本次会议所做的精心准备和周到安排表示衷心感谢！

　I am delighted to join you in the beautiful coastal city of Sharm El Sheikh on the occasion of the 4th Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). This conference gives us the opportunity to renew friendship and explore ways to further cooperation. As the Premier of the co-chair country of the conference, I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government, a warm welcome to all the participants and express sincere thanks to the government of Egypt for the thoughtful preparations and arrangements it has made for the conference.

　中非合作论坛创立九年来，一直发挥着引领和推动中非关系发展的重要作用，日益成为中非加深友谊的桥梁、加强合作的平台。特别是论坛北京峰会召开三年来，中非致力于共建政治上平等互信、经济上合作共赢、文化上交流互鉴的新型战略伙伴关系，开创了中非合作的新局面。

　Since its founding nine years ago, FOCAC has played a major role in guiding and promoting the development of China-Africa relations and become a bridge of friendship and a platform of cooperation between China and Africa. In the three years since the Beijing Summit in particular, the two sides have worked together to build the new type of strategic partnership featuring political equality and mutual trust, economic win-win cooperation and cultural exchanges. Together, we have opened a new chapter in China-Africa cooperation.

　——政治互信不断增强。双方高层往来更加频繁、外交磋商与战略对话日趋密切，非洲国家在涉及中国核心利益问题上更加坚定地支持中方，中非在重大国际和地区事务中相互协调配合，维护和扩大了广大发展中国家的共同利益。

　-- We have enhanced political mutual trust. The two sides have had more frequent high-level exchanges and stepped up diplomatic consultations and strategic dialogue. African countries have given even stronger support to China on issues concerning China's core interests. China and Africa have cooperated and coordinated with each other on major international and regional issues and jointly safeguarded and expanded the common interests of developing countries.

　——经贸合作日益深化。２００８年中非贸易突破千亿美元，同中国有贸易往来的非洲国家增加到５３个；中国在非洲开工建设６个经贸合作区，中国企业到非洲国家落户增加到近１６００家，直接投资存量达到７８亿美元；工程承包和劳务合作规模不断扩大，金融合作方兴未艾。

　-- We have strengthened economic cooperation and trade. Last year, China-Africa trade exceeded 100 billion U.S. dollars and the number of African countries trading with China grew to 53. China has begun construction of the six economic and trade cooperation zones in Africa. Nearly 1,600 Chinese enterprises have started business in African countries with a direct investment stock of 7.8 billion U.S. dollars. Project contracting and labor services cooperation between the two sides have been expanding, and financial cooperation is gaining momentum.

　——中国扩大对非援助取得实效。中国在遭受国际金融危机冲击、自身面临不少困难的情况下，信守诺言，全面落实北京峰会的承诺，对非援助规模翻了一番，免除３３国１６８笔债务已近尾声，总计５０亿美元的优惠性质贷款近期将全部到位，首期１０亿美元的中非发展基金如期启动。这些不仅促进了非洲自我发展能力建设，也为非洲国家应对国际金融危机的冲击发挥了积极作用。

　-- The increase in China's assistance to Africa has produced practical results. Despite the impact of the international financial crisis and the many difficulties we face at home, we have honored the commitments we made at the Beijing Summit in an all-round way. Our assistance to Africa has been doubled. The plan to cancel 168 debts owed by 33 African countries is near completion. The 5 billion U.S. dollars of concessional loans will be fully in place soon. The China-Africa Development Fund, whose first tranche reached 1 billion U.S. dollars, has become operational as scheduled. These measures have not only added to Africa's capacity for self-development but also helped African countries in their effort to counter the financial crisis.

　——人文交流蓬勃开展。文教、卫生、人力资源培训等领域的交流与合作发展迅猛，中国为非洲国家培训各类人员年底以前将达到１５０００人，青年、妇女、友好省市等领域的交往日趋频繁，进一步加深了相互理解和传统友谊。

　-- We have witnessed vigorous people-to-people exchanges. Exchanges and cooperation between China and Africa in culture, education, health and human resources training have grown rapidly. By the end of this year, China will train a total of 15,000 people of different professions for African countries. Interactions among the youth, women and sister provinces and cities have been more frequent. All these developments have led to deeper mutual understanding and stronger traditional friendship between China and Africa.

　女士们、先生们、朋友们，

　Ladies and Gentlemen,

　Dear Friends,

　近年来，迅速提升的中非关系、日益密切的中非合作，吸引了全世界的目光。在这里我想强调，中国不是近年来突然出现在非洲的，非洲也不是近年来才支持中国的。早在上世纪五、六十年代，中非就在反帝、反殖、反霸的历史浪潮中并肩战斗，在振兴民族经济的艰辛历程中携手同行。坦赞铁路、援非医疗队、青年志愿者，是中国无私帮助非洲的生动例证；把中国“抬进”联合国、北京奥运圣火在非洲顺利传递、向四川汶川地震灾区热心捐款，是非洲人民对中国人民情谊的真实写照。中国政府和人民始终尊重非洲国家自主选择社会制度的权利，支持非洲人民探索适合本国国情的发展道路，坚信非洲完全有能力以非洲方式处理好自己的问题。中非经贸合作是建立在互利共赢、开放透明基础之上的，中国对非洲的支持和援助，过去没有、将来也永远不会附加任何政治条件。中国乐见其他国家和国际组织积极参与非洲的开发与建设，共同推动非洲的和平、发展与进步。

　The rapidly growing relations and cooperation between China and Africa have attracted the world's attention in recent years. I would like to point out that it was not just a few years ago that China suddenly started its presence in Africa or Africa started its support for China. As early as in the 1950s and '60s, China and Africa fought shoulder to shoulder in the historic struggle against imperialism, colonialism and hegemony and worked side by side in the hard endeavor to revive our respective national economies. The Tanzania-Zambia Railway, the Chinese medical teams and the young Chinese volunteers in Africa are vivid examples of China's selfless assistance to this continent, while Africa's tremendous effort in helping restore China's seat in the United Nations, the successful Beijing Olympic torch relay in Africa and Africa's generous donations to the victims of the Wenchuan earthquake in China give full expression to the friendship of the African people toward the Chinese people. The Chinese government and people respect the right of African countries to independently choose their social systems and support the African people in exploring development paths that suit their national conditions. We firmly believe that Africa is fully capable of solving its own problems in an African way. The economic cooperation and trade between China and Africa are based on mutual benefit, win-win progress, openness and transparency. China has never attached any political strings to its support and assistance to Africa, and nor will it do so in the future. China welcomes the active involvement of other countries and international organizations in Africa's development so that we can jointly promote peace, development and progress in Africa.

　中非关系能够经受住国际风云变幻的考验，始终保持蓬勃发展的势头，患难与共、相互支持是基础；相互尊重、平等相待是核心；互利合作、共同发展是关键。当今世界正在经历空前的大变革、大调整，中非同属发展中国家，既面临着加快发展的难得的历史机遇，也面临着纷繁复杂的全球性挑战。双方进一步加强互利合作，有利于充分发挥各自优势，实现共同发展；有利于带动国际社会更加关注非洲，帮助非洲加快实现千年发展目标；有利于促进南南合作，提升发展中国家在国际政治、经济格局中的整体地位；有利于推动国际关系民主化和国际秩序公正化，建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

　China-Africa relations have withstood the test of international vicissitudes and maintained the momentum of robust growth. Our relationship is based on mutual support, particularly during times of adversity. It is guided by the core principle of mutual respect and equality. It is driven by our joint endeavor to pursue mutually-beneficial cooperation and common development. The world today is undergoing unprecedented changes and adjustments. We are all developing countries and face both rare historic opportunities for faster development and complex global challenges. We should enhance mutually beneficial cooperation. Cooperation between us will enable us to bring out our respective strengths and achieve common development. Cooperation between us will encourage the international community to pay greater attention to Africa and help it attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) at an early date. Cooperation between us will catalyze South-South cooperation and enhance the collective standing of developing countries in the international political and economic architecture. Cooperation between us will promote democracy in international relations and justice in the international order and contribute to the effort of building a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

　女士们、先生们、朋友们，

　Ladies and Gentlemen,

　Dear Friends,

　当前，与其他地区一样，非洲也面临着金融危机、气候变化等全球性问题的挑战。金融市场波动，经济大幅下滑，外资流入锐减，一些国家和地区出现动荡，实现联合国千年发展目标任务更加艰巨；受气候变化的影响，水旱灾害频繁、沙漠化加剧、物种减少、粮食减产、生态环境恶化，可持续发展面临严重威胁。

　Like other parts of the world, Africa is faced with various global challenges, including the financial crisis and climate change. Your task of meeting the MDGs has been made more difficultby the financial market volatility, sharp economic slowdown, drastic decline in foreign capital and the turmoil in some countries and regions in Africa. And your effort to achieve sustainable development has been seriously threatened by the frequent floods and droughts, the spread of desertification, extinction of some species, drop in food production and environmental degradation caused by climate change.

　非洲人口占世界的１／７，是发展中国家最集中的大陆，非洲的发展，是实现世界经济发展不可或缺的组成部分。作为非洲真诚可靠的朋友，中国对非洲面临的困难和挑战感同身受。中国呼吁国际社会要增强紧迫感，更加切实有效地支持非洲发展。一是坚持落实千年发展目标的决心不动摇，措施不减弱，切实履行对非援助承诺，积极为非洲创造有利的国际经济、贸易、金融等外部条件。二是深刻认识非洲国家提高适应气候变化能力的迫切需要，理解和支持非洲国家的合理关切和诉求，把帮助非洲应对气候变化与提高可持续发展能力紧密结合起来，通过综合治理，促进非洲的全面协调发展。三是对非洲国家在应对粮食安全、能源安全、流行性疾病等其他全球性问题面临的特殊困难，给予更多理解、支持和帮助。

　Africa is home to one seventh of the world's population and has more developing countries than any other continent. Africa' s development is indispensable to development of the world economy. As a true and tested friend, China fully understands the difficulties and challenges facing Africa. We call upon the international community to have a greater sense of urgency and take more concrete steps to support Africa's development. First, the international community should not waver in its resolve or weaken its effort to help Africa meet the MDGs. It should take credible steps to honor the commitment of assistance to Africa and actively foster an enabling external environment of international economy, trade and finance. Second, the international community should have a keen appreciation of African countries' pressing need for stronger capacity in adapting to climate change, understand and support their legitimate concerns and demands, and help them better meet the climate challenge in the larger context of enhancing Africa' s ability for achieving sustainable development. Such a holistic approach will help Africa realize all-round and balanced development. Third, the international community should show more understanding of the special difficulties facing Africa in addressing such global issues as food security, energy security and epidemic diseases, and render them greater support and assistance.

　女士们、先生们、朋友们，

　Ladies and Gentlemen,

　Dear Friends,

　在新形势下，中国愿意和非洲国家不断深化各领域务实合作，全面推进中非新型战略伙伴关系。为此，我愿提出以下建议：

　Under the new circumstances, China is ready to deepen practical cooperation with African countries in diverse areas and push forward in an all-round way the new type of China-Africa strategic partnership. I wish to make, in this connection, the following proposals:

　第一，加强战略协调，维护共同利益。保持高层交往势头，密切政治对话和磋商，就双方共同关心的重大全球性问题加强协调配合，提升发展中国家在国际体系中的发言权和代表性，共同推动国际政治经济秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。中国将一如既往地在国际场合为非洲仗义执言，维护非洲国家的利益，同时与非洲国家加强应对全球性挑战策略和经验方面的交流，帮助非洲国家提高应对能力和自我发展能力。

　First, strengthen strategic coordination to uphold common interests. The two sides should maintain high-level exchanges, engage in closer political dialogue and consultations and step up coordination and cooperation on major global issues of mutual interest, so as to increase the voice and representation of developing countries in the international system and jointly build a more just and reasonable international political and economic order. China will, as always, speak up for Africa and safeguard the interests of African countries on international occasions. We will make greater effort to share strategies and experience with African countries in meeting global challenges and help them enhance capacities and achieve self-development.

　第二，落实千年发展目标，改善非洲民生。发展经济、消除贫困、改善民生，是非洲国家的首要任务。中国将继续在力所能及范围内增加对非援助、减免非洲国家债务，优化对非援助结构，使援助项目进一步向农业、教育、医疗卫生、减贫、清洁饮用水等攸关民生的领域倾斜，帮助非洲尽早实现联合国千年发展目标。

　Second, meet the MDGs and improve the livelihood of the African people. Economic development, poverty eradication and improvement of people's lives are top priorities for African countries. China will continue to increase assistance to Africa and reduce or cancel debts owed by African countries within the realm of its capabilities. We will restructure our assistance programs to better meet the needs on the ground. We will put more emphasis on agriculture, education, health, poverty reduction and clean drinking water and other areas that are vital to people's well-being when providing assistance, and help Africa attain the MDGs at an early date.

　第三，提升经贸合作，实现互利共赢。中非经济互补性很强，互利合作前景广阔。应大力发展中非贸易，尽快扭转今年双边贸易下滑态势，积极扩大非洲商品对华出口。中国鼓励更多企业赴非洲投资，引导中国企业更多承担社会责任，同当地人民和睦相处。要把对非经贸合作同技术转让结合起来，大力帮助非洲培训技术人员和管理人才。

　Third, enhance economic cooperation and trade to realize mutual benefit and win-win progress. The strong economic complementarity between China and Africa offers us broad prospects for mutually beneficial cooperation. We should work hard to increase trade, speedily reverse the trade downturn since the beginning of this year and increase export of African goods to China. China will encourage more enterprises to invest in Africa and ask them to shoulder more social responsibilities and live in amity with the local people. We will combine economic cooperation and trade with technology transfer and take active steps to train technical and managerial personnel for African countries.

　第四，促进人文交流，巩固中非友好。中非都有着灿烂多姿的文化。双方应进一步加强文化交流和借鉴，鼓励双方举办各种文化节、艺术展和体育赛事，支持双方民间组织、新闻媒体、学术机构密切联系。中国将继续支持非洲发展教育、卫生、科技等社会事业，欢迎非洲各国参与上海世博会，充分展示非洲各领域的发展成果。

　Fourth, promote people-to-people exchanges to solidify China-Africa friendship. Both China and Africa have a rich and splendid culture. The two sides should step up cultural exchanges and mutual learning, encourage the organization of culture festivals, art exhibitions and sports events, and support closer interactions among non-governmental organizations, news media and academic institutions. China will continue to support Africa in developing education, health, science and technology and other social programs. We welcome African countries to participate in the Shanghai World Expo to showcase Africa's development achievements in various fields.

　第五，拓宽合作领域，加强机制建设。中方愿加大对非洲和平安全事务的参与，增加对非洲一体化建设的支持，扩大同非洲区域性组织的合作。愿与非方共同努力，推进中非合作论坛机制建设，促进双方职能部门在论坛框架下开展合作，强化和扩展论坛对中非关系的促进和引领作用。

　Fifth, expand areas of cooperation and advance FOCAC institutional building. China is willing to increase involvement in the settlement of issues concerning peace and security in Africa, provide more support to African integration and expand cooperation with sub-regional organizations in Africa. We will work with you to promote FOCAC institutional building, strengthen cooperation between the functional departments of the two sides within the FOCAC framework, and enhance and expand FOCAC's role in promoting and guiding China-Africa relations.

　女士们、先生们、朋友们，

　Ladies and Gentlemen,

　Dear Friends,

　中国人民对非洲人民的感情是真诚的，中国对非洲发展的支持是实实在在的。今后不管世界风云如何变化，我们同非洲人民的友谊不会变，与非洲深化互利合作、实现共同发展的决心不会变，支持非洲经济社会发展的政策不会变。在今后３年，中国政府将采取八项新举措推进中非合作：

　The Chinese people cherish sincere friendship towards the African people, and China's support to Africa's development is concrete and real. Whatever change may take place in the world, our friendship with Africa will not change, our commitment to deepening mutually beneficial cooperation and achieving common development with Africa will not change, and our policy of supporting Africa's economic and social development will not change. During the next three years, the Chinese government will take the following eight new measures to strengthen China-Africa cooperation:

　第一，倡议建立中非应对气候变化伙伴关系，不定期举行高官磋商，在卫星气象监测、新能源开发利用、沙漠化防治、城市环境保护等领域加强合作。中方决定为非洲援建太阳能、沼气、小水电等１００个清洁能源项目。

　First, we propose to establish a China-Africa partnership in addressing climate change. We will hold senior officials' consultations with African countries from time to time, and enhance cooperation on satellite weather monitoring, development and utilization of new energy sources, prevention and control of desertification and urban environmental protection. We have decided to build 100 clean energy projects for Africa covering solar power, bio-gas and small hydro-power.

　第二，加强科技合作，倡议启动“中非科技伙伴计划”，实施１００个中非联合科技研究示范项目，接收１００名非洲博士后来华进行科研工作，并为其回国服务提供资助。

　Second, we will enhance cooperation with Africa in science and technology. We propose to launch a China-Africa science and technology partnership, under which we will carry out 100 joint demonstration projects on scientific and technological research, receive 100 African postdoctoral fellows to conduct scientific research in China and assist them in going back and serving their home countries.

　第三，增加非洲融资能力，向非洲国家提供１００亿美元优惠性质贷款；支持中国金融机构设立非洲中小企业发展专项贷款，金额１０亿美元。对非洲与中国建交的重债穷国和最不发达国家，免除截至２００９年底对华到期未还的政府无息贷款债务。

　Third, we will help Africa build up financing capacity. We will provide 10 billion U.S. dollars in concessional loans to African countries, and support Chinese financial institutions in setting up a 1 billion U.S. dollar special loan for small and medium-sized African businesses. For the heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries in Africa having diplomatic relations with China, we will cancel their debts associated with interest-free government loans due to mature by the end of 2009.

　第四，扩大对非产品开放市场，逐步给予非洲与中国建交的最不发达国家９５％的产品免关税待遇，２０１０年年内首先对６０％的产品实施免关税。

　Fourth, we will further open up China's market to African products. We will phase in zero-tariff treatment to 95 percent of the products from the least developed African countries having diplomatic relations with China, starting with 60 percent of the products within 2010.

　第五，进一步加强农业合作，为非洲国家援建的农业示范中心增加到２０个，向非洲派遣５０个农业技术组，为非洲国家培训２０００名农业技术人员，提高非洲实现粮食安全的能力。

　Fifth, we will further enhance cooperation with Africa in agriculture. We will increase the number of agricultural technology demonstration centers built by China in Africa to 20, send 50 agricultural technology teams to Africa and train 2,000 agricultural technology personnel for Africa, in order to help strengthen Africa' s ability to ensure food security.

　第六，深化医疗卫生合作，为援非３０所医院和３０个疟疾防治中心提供价值５亿元人民币的医疗设备和抗疟物资，为非洲培训３０００名医护人员。

　Sixth, we will deepen cooperation in medical care and health. We will provide medical equipments and anti-malaria materials worth 500 million yuan to the 30 hospitals and 30 malaria prevention and treatment centers built by China and train 3,000 doctors and nurses for Africa.

　第七，加强人力资源开发和教育合作，为非洲国家援助５０所中非友好学校，培训１５００名校长和教师；到２０１２年，向非洲提供的中国政府奖学金名额将增至５５００名；今后３年为非洲培训各类人才总计２万名。

　Seventh, we will enhance cooperation in human resources development and education. We will build 50 China-Africa friendship schools and train 1,500 school principals and teachers for African countries. By 2012, we will increase the number of Chinese government scholarships to Africa to 5,500. And we will train a total of 20,000 professionals of various fields for Africa over the next three years.

　第八，扩大人文交流，倡议实施“中非联合研究交流计划”，促进学者、智库交往合作，交流发展经验，并为双方出台更好合作政策提供智力支持。

　Eighth, we will expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges. We propose to launch a China-Africa joint research and exchange program, which will enable scholars and think tanks to have more exchanges and cooperation, share development experience, and provide intellectual support for formulating better cooperation policies by the two sides.

　５３年前，埃及成为非洲第一个与新中国建交的国家。中埃建交开启了中非关系的新纪元。今天，在埃及