2020-2021学年牛津深圳版八年级英语下册知识讲义重点短语(Module2ArtsandcraftsUnit4Cartoonsandcomicstrips(2))(1)

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 初中英语 重点短语(下册 Module 2 Arts and crafts Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips(2))

 知识梳理

 【短语学习】

 1. a pair of 一副;一双;一对

 在使用 a pair of 的时候,后面的名词必须用复数形式。通常该名词表示的事物由一对或两部分构成,如裤子由两条裤腿组成等。

 My mother bought me a pair of shorts yesterday.我妈妈昨天给我买了一条短裤。

 在中考中,关键考查 a pair of 这样的短语作主语时,谓语动词的数不是由后面的名词决定,而是由该短语中 pair 的数来决定。即:如果 pair 是单数,则谓语动词用三单形式;如果 pair 是复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。

 This pair of glasses is only twelve dollars.这副眼镜只要十二美元。

 许多短语与此相似,都是相同的结构:数词+表示单位的名词+of;如:two boxes of,three pieces of。

 There are two boxes of cakes in your bedroom.在你的卧室里有两盒蛋糕。

 Two pairs of _________ often help some poor people. A. kid

 B. parent

 C. couples

  D. teenager 答案:C 思路分析:句首的短语 two pairs of 后面所接的名词必须用复数形式,所以选择 C 答案。

 2. watch out 当心;小心

 watch out 通常放句首,或单独构成祈使句,相当于 be careful 或 look out。

 Watch out! There is the bus coming.当心!公共汽车过来了。

 与 watch out 有相同意思的短语是 look out,两个短语不仅可以指“当心;小心”,还可以指“向外看”。如果后面跟宾语,则要加介词 of。

 Don’t watch out of the train window. It’s very dangerous.不要向火车车窗外看,很危险的。

 =Don’t look out of the train window. It’s very dangerous.

 在中考中,重点考查 watch out 构成祈使句,表示命令或要求的用法。其可在各种语境中或情境中使用,即结合上下文的语境来判断使用 Watch out!这个祈使句。

  —_________ That boy is riding his bike so fast. —Thanks a lot. A. Watch out.

  B. Take it easy.

 C. No problem.

 D. Never mind. 答案:A 思路分析:后面的句意为:那个男孩骑车太快了。说明要求对方“小心;当心”,而且答句也表示了感谢,因此使用祈使句 Watch out.意为“当心;小心”,所以选择 A 答案。

 3. try to do 尽力做;打算做;企图做

 动词短语 try to do(sth.)意为“尽力做(某事);打算做(某事);企图做(某事)”。该动词必须用不定式形式。

 You should try to walk quickly, or you’ll be late.你应该尽量走快点,否则你会迟到的。

 动词try除了构成短语try to do外,还有几个重要结构:try doing sth.试着做某事;try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事;try on 试穿。

 ⑴My brother tried wearing different clothes. And he decided on the blue clothes at last.我弟弟试穿了几件不同的衣服。最后他选定了蓝色的那件。

 ⑵We must try our best to raise much money and give it away to those poor people.我们必须尽我们最大的努力筹许多钱捐赠给那些穷人们。

 My elder brother will try _________ some pictures to show his talent. A. draw

 B. drawing

  C. draws

 D. to draw 答案:D 思路分析:根据句意“我的哥哥将会尽力画些画来表明他的才能。”因此用短语:try to do sth.,所以选择 D 答案。

 4. a number of 许多;大量

 a number of 后面只能跟可数名词的复数形式,在名词 number 前面可以用形容词 large来修饰。

 There are a number of young people in the hall waiting for the star.在大厅里有许多年轻人正在等着那个明星。

 在中考中,重点考查 a number of 后面跟可数名词复数形式的用法,以及与 the number of的区别。

 a great deal of,a large amount of,plenty of 和 a lot of 都是“许多;大量”的意思。a great deal of 后面只能跟不可数名词;a large amount of 后面只能跟可数名词的复数形式;a lot of和 plenty of 后面既可跟可数名词的复数形式,也可以跟不可数名词。

 A large amount of people are standing in a line to buy their tickets for home.许多人正排队买回家的票。

 Plenty of time has been spent on study.大量的时间被花费在学习上。

 ⑴a number of 意为“许多;大量”,后面只能跟可数名词复数形式。和名词一起放句首作主语时,后面的谓语动词必须用复数形式。

 ⑵the number of 意为“……的数字,数目,数量”,后面只能跟可数名词复数形式。和名词一起放句首作主语时,后面的谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式。

 A number of students are interested in music lessons.许多的学生对音乐课感兴趣。

 The number of the students is about a thousand.学生的数量大概是一千。

 There are _________ students on the playground. And _________ the students is about 2100. A. a number of, the number of

 B. a number of, a number of C. the number of, a number of

 D. the number of, the number of 答案:A 思路分析:第一句话中的谓语动词是 are,表示复数,说明只能用 a number of;第二句话中的谓语动词是 is,说明只能用 the number of,所以选择 A 答案。

 【即学即练】

 1. That pair of shoes _________ his brother’s. A. is

  B. are

 C. has

 D. have 2. _________ It’s a snake in front of you. A. Go ahead.

  B. Never mind.

 C. Don’t worry.

 D. Watch out. 3. The pink skirt suits you very much. You can _________. A. try it out

  B. try it on

  C. try out it

  D. try on it 4. —What should I do next? —You should try your best _________ the problem as soon as possible. A. solve

 B. solving

  C. to solve

  D. will solve 5. I think the number of the boys _________ more than twenty in your class. A. do

 B. does

 C. are

 D. is 答案:ADBCD 思路分析:

 1. 句子的主语是 that pair of shoes,真正的中心词是 pair,因此后面的谓语动词的数由 pair决定,所以选择 A 答案。

 2. 后面的句意为:你前面有条蛇。因此是提醒对方注意,所以前面的句子应该是表示要求小心的祈使句:Watch out.所以选择 D 答案。

 3. 根据前面的句意,这里应该是表示“试穿裙子”,因此用短语 try on,而且后面跟人称代词作宾语时,必须放在两者之间,所以选择 B 答案。

 4. 在短语 try one’s best 后面必须跟动词的不定式形式,所以选择 C 答案。

 5. 主语是 the number of 修饰,因此谓语动词必须用单数形式,所以选择 D 答案。

 同步练习 (答题时间:15 分钟)

 一、根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词。

 1. I believe you will ______ ______ (获得成功)

 if you work hard every day. 2. My father listens to the ______ ______ (天气预报)

 every morning. 3. I need ______ ______ ______ (两双)

 socks.

 4. You must ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (尽你的最大努力帮助)

 your little brother. 5. His mother always buys ______ ______ ______ (许多)

 cheap things on weekends.

 二、单项选择题。

 1. The funny picture can ______ by everyone at the party. A. enjoy

 B. are enjoyed

  C. be enjoying

  D. be enjoyed 2. The pencil should ______ by your younger sister. It may hurt her. A. be used

  B. not be used

  C. be not used

  D. use 3. ______! There is something heavy falling off the window. A. Watch out

  B. No problem

 C. Don’t worry

 D. Take it easy 4. If we don’t know how to do it, we can try ______ it for several times. A. do

 B. to do

 C. will do

 D. doing 5. The number of the boys in my class ______ about eighteen. A. have

 B. has

 C. are

 D. is

 三、阅读短文,从方框中选择单词并用其适当形式填空,使短文意思完整、通顺。每空一词。其中有两项多余。

 silence, hurt, necessary, safe, dangerous, they, noisy, save, place, way, happen, second Nowadays, many schools begin to pay more attention to the safety in school. We can’t know when the disaster (灾难)will come. So we must teach students to know much about how to protect

 1

 . At the same time, we should tell them a lot about the

 2

 . At first, we must be

 3

 when the disaster comes. We can’t find anything to protect ourselves or

 4

 to help ourselves without silence.

 5

 , we must learn to prepare something useful before the disaster

 6

 . For example, some water can

 7

 our life. Some food is also very important for us. Of course we need something

 8

 for our life, such as matches and flashlights. They can help us a lot when we are in

 9

 . Finally, we need to look for some

 10

 where are safe when we are in a disaster. It can stop our life from being hurt.

 答案 一、1. make it

 2. weather forecast

 3. two pairs of

 4. try your best to help

 5. a number of

 二、1. D

 解析:本题是含有情态动词 can 的被动语态,因此用 can be+动词过去分词,所以选择 D 答案。

 2. B

 解析:本题也是含有情态动词 should 的被动语态的否定句的用法,因此直接在should 后面加上否定词 not,所以选择 B 答案。

 3. A

 解析:根据后面的句意便知是要求“注意”的祈使句,所以选择 A 答案。

 4. D

 解析:根据前面的句意说明是“尝试了几次”,所以 try 后面跟的动词必须用动名词形式,所以选择 D 答案。

 5. D

 解析:由 the number of 构成主语时,谓语动词必须用单数形式,所以选择 D 答案。

 三、1. themselves

 2. safety

 3. silent

 4. ways

 5. Secondly

 6. happens

 7. save

  8. necessary

 9. danger

 10. places

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