通用版2021届高考英语应用文写作必备素材与核心句式专题06生态与环保x

　生态与环保

　【真题再现】

　（6 2016 年，北京卷）假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。

　注意：词数不少于 60。

　提示词：地球日 Earth Day

　[ [ 参考范文] ]

　Actions for a Greener Earth

　 A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.

　Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. We brought to our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles and turned those into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend,

　we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.

　We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world. [ [ 写作分析] ]

　 话题比较常规，整体难度适中。“地球日”系列活动属于保护环境的体裁内容，考生并不陌生。内容主要包括：公告栏了解活动、分工制作、变废为宝的宣传活动、主题讲座等。题目要求按照四幅图的先后顺序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。词数不少于 60 词，参考词汇必须使用。使用一般过去时和第一人称进行写作。

　[ [ 范文点评] ]

　范文使用了非谓语动词 calling upon us to join in the actions 和 so...that 句型与宾语从句 we can do more for a better world 等，句式多样；还使用了固定词组 call upon sb to do sth, join in, come up with, make use of, turn...into, give away, be proud of 等，使作文内容变得丰富。

　考点：情景作文 话题比较常规，整体难度适中。“地球日”系列活动属于保护环境的题材，考生并不陌生。内容主要包括：公告栏了解活动、分工制作、变废为宝的宣传活动、主题讲座等。一定要按照四幅图的顺序来写，不可打乱顺序；注意行文的连贯性，适当使用一些连接词。

　【经典演练 1 1 】

　随着全球环境的恶化，越来越多的人选择过“低碳生活( low carbon life)”，即减少二氧化碳的排放,低能量、低消耗低开支生活。请写一篇 100 词左右的英语短文，倡议你的同学加入“低碳一族”。

　要点如下: 1.用手洗衣服；

　2.多走楼梯，少乘电梯； 3.逛超市自备购物袋； 4.步行或者骑自行车上学。

　注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　[ [ 高分范文] ]

　With the global warming getting worse, more people choose to live a low carbon life for the purpose of reducing greenhouse gases. As students we have the responsibility to change our lifestyles to fit the world better. The following are some small things that may lead to improvement of the environment. Firstly, wash your clothes by hand instead of using washing machines. Secondly，don"t take elevators unless it is necessary. Climbing stairs does good to your health and the environment. Thirdly, remember to bring your own shopping bags when you go to the supermarket. Lastly, go to school on foot or by bicycle. Buses produce carbon dioxide, too. Let"s take action and be low carbon people from now on. [ [ 句子改写] ]用省略句改写范文中划线的句子 Secondly, don"t take elevators unless necessary. [ [ 佳句临摹] ]

　佳句 1：With the global warming getting worse, more people choose to live a low carbon life for the purpose of reducing greenhouse gases. 临摹 1：由于全班同学都盯着她看，她感到紧张。

　She felt nervous with the whole class staring at her.

　佳句 2：Le"s take action and be low carbon people from now on. 临摹 2：如果你真的想要改变，你需要现在就采取行动。

　 If you really want to change, you need to take action at present. 【经典演练 2 2 】

　假若你是李华，你班将举行一次 主题为“ No White Pollution in Our Campus” 的班会，你应邀写一篇发言稿。

　注意:1.词数 100 左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数。

　Good afternoon, everyone. I"m pleased to have this chance to speak here.

　 Thank you for listening. [ [ 高分范文] ]

　Good afternoon, everyone. I"m pleased to have this chance to speak here. As all of us can see, plastic and paper bags are scattered everywhere in our school, such as in gardens, in building corridors, on the sports ground, and even under the trees, which makes us disgusted. It is hard to imagine how we can study comfortably in this dirty environment. Obviously, it"s the bad habit of some students that contributes to this embarrassment. Many students buy snacks wrapped in plastic or paper bags during the class break. After eating the food, they casually throw the bags away regardless of where they are. If the present situation continues, so0n we might be buried in an ocean of white rubbish. So let"s take action now to prevent it from happening.

　Thank you for listening. [ [ 句子改写] ]用 what 从句改写范文中划线的句子 Obviously, what contributes to this embarrassment is the bad habit of some students. [ [ 佳句临摹] ]

　佳句 1：As all of us can see, plastic and paper bags are scattered everywhere. .. even under the trees, which makes us disgusted. 临摹 1：使我感到遗憾的是，他没有说再见就走了。

　He left without saying goodbye, which made me regretful. 佳句 2：It is hard to imagine how we can study comfortably in this dirty environment. 临摹 2：很难想象他一个人如何能在那座孤岛上生活二十年。

　 It is hard to imagine how he managed to live on that lonely island for twenty years all by himself. 【 写作宝典 】

　观点论证指的是在应用文写作中，需要根据题目的要求，在提出自己的观点、意见或建议后，对自己所给的观点、意见或建议进行进一步地论证说明，以让他人明白你的意思。

　一、常见句式例析

　1. Most students agree that it helps them develop the habits of reading aloud. 很多学生认为它有助于培养朗读的习惯。

　2. Therefore, more attention should be given to teaching and learning spoken English.因此要更加注意教学英语口语。

　3. Second, some of the products sold online are probably fake ones due to lack of supervision. 其次, 由于缺乏监督, 有些网上出售的产品很可能是假货。

　4. There is no doubt that it is very convenient for us to have online shopping.毫无疑问, 网上购物很方便。

　5. Ｍany students rely so much on the Internet that they have lost their ability to create.很多学生过度依赖互联网, 以致于失去了创新能力。

　二、技巧点拨

　1. 注意审题, 避免缺漏信息点。一般而言, 观点论证的文章通常都是总～分或总～分～总的结构。

　2. 考生在论证观点的时候要注意行文严密的逻辑性, 因此考生要注意使用相关的连词、副词或者短语提升文章的层次感。

　3. 在语言运用方面, 考生可以掌握一些常用于议论文写作的短语和句型, 如compared with..., it is clear /obvious that..., From what I have mentioned above we can see that...等。

　三、例题分析

　你校进行题为“是否应该考查英语口语”的、英语辩论赛。以下是正方的主要观点：略 ［写作内容］ 请你根据以上内容写一篇短文, 代表正方作最后的总结陈词。

　1. 阐述考查英语口语对各方面的积极影响； 2. 呼吁各界重视英语口语教学。

　［写作要求］ 只能使用 5 个句子表达全部内容; 首句已给出,不计入句子总数。

　[ [ 例题导写] ]

　1.认真审题。在本作文题的完成中, 不少考生都集中精力对图表内容进行描述, 却忽略了写作内容里的第二个要点：呼吁各界重视英语口语教学。因此, 考生在下笔前,要通读题目, 不能漏掉细节。

　2. 分析文体。论证观点无疑属于议论文的范畴, 着重于说理性和逻辑性。考生在写作前要对信息点进行分析，理清信息点之间的关系是递进，转折还是因果关系。本文中, 考查口语对学生、教师和社会三方面都是有利的, 这就是递进关系, 而最后呼吁各界重视英语口语教学则与前面内容构成因果关系, 因此考生可以选用适当的连词提高文章的逻辑性。

　3. 划分信息。本题的信息点较多, 考生在写作前一定要先划分信息点, 否则就会导致

　写作过程中漏掉信息点或者导致思维混乱。呼吁各界重视口语教学无疑可以作为最后一个信息点, 而对学生、教师、社会有利则要用四个句子概括。因此考生可以考虑 2 个句子表达口语考试对学生的有利因素, 1 个句子表达其对教师的好处, 1 个句子表达其对社会的好处。

　[ [ 参考范文] ]

　 Ladies and gentlemen, in summary our team has argued that the testing of spoken English is both necessary and beneficial. Most students agree that it helps them develop the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English which in return improves their English level. Students come to realize that oral English is as important as reading and writing. In addition, the speaking test pushes our teachers to focus more on teaching spoken English, makes the class more interesting and encourages teachers to improve their own spoken language skills.

　Nowadays, English is considered to be a global language so we can use it to communicate with people from other countries more easily. Therefore, we believe that more attention should be given to teaching and learning spoken English and this can be done by testing spoken English.

　 【素材集锦】

　[ [ 常用词语] ]

　be threatened with extinction 濒临灭绝 global warming 全球(气候)变暖 explode 激增 climate change 气候变化 pay debts 缴付债款 white pollution 白色污染 the protection of the environment 环境保护 oil erosion 水土流失

　air pollution 空气污染 our earth, our habitat, our home 我们的地 environmental degradation 环境恶化 endangered animals 濒危动物 only one earth, care and share 只有一个地---一起关心，共同分享 a food chain 食物链 affect 影响 nature conservation 自然保护 environment friendly 环保的 save our sea 拯救我们的海洋 water: vital resources for life 水:生命的重要源泉 develop renewable resource 开发可再生资源 conserve natural habitats 保护天然栖息地 the variety of life forms 生命种类的多样性 conserve energy 节能 bring. .. to extinction 使 .....灭绝 contribute to 有助于 come to an end 结束 hold/keep sth. in check 控制 prey on/upon 捕食 have an impact on 对.....有影响

　die out 灭绝 volunteer 自愿做 under threat 受到威胁 [ [ 常用句子] ]

　1. Many people worry that our energy will run out if we use it in an unchecked way. 许多人担心，如果不控制能源的使用的话,我们的能源很快将被耗尽。

　2. The energy, if developed, could completely replace conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortages. 这种能源如果得到开发，就可以完全取代传统能源，并因此能解决能源短缺问题。

　3. Do remember forests can supply us with wood, oxygen, clean water, good weather and good harvests. To destroy forests is to destroy the Earth on which we live. 切记森林能给我们提供木材、氧气、干净的水、好的天气和好的收成。破坏森林就 是破坏我们生存的地球家园。

　4. Pollution is an issue that crosses national boundaries. 污染是一个不分国界的问题。

　5. We have adopted effective measures to control water contamination in our area. 我们采取了有效的措施，控制了我们这个地区的水污染。

　6. New laws have been introduced to control air pollution in the city. 为了控制城市空气污染,该市实施了新的法律。

　7. Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health. 由汽车引起的空气和噪音污染对我们的健康有害。

　8. Accordingly/ Consequently, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people

　are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment. 因此，不难得出结论，人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。

　9. All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in maintaining life. 所有动植物都是重要的,因为每一物种 都有助于地球上生命种类的多样性的形成，为维持生命起到了重要的作用。

　10.Loss of a single species brings the human race one step closer to extinction. Destroy these living friends and we are destroying ourselves. 每一个物种的丧失都使得人类向灭绝迈进了一步。

　毁灭了这些活生生的朋友们，我们就是在毁灭我们自己。

　11. One day, if all animals should disappear, the world we live in would come to an end. (此处是虚拟语气,表示与将来的事实相反的假设)有一天，如果所有的动物都消失了,我们赖以生存的世界也就结束了。

　12.Loss of a single species is very likely to destroy a whole food chain and affects others that rely on it. 每一个物种的消失很可能就会毁坏一个完整的食物链,并且影响到依赖这个食物链的其他物种。

　13. Predators such as wolves, sharks and lions keep the number of their prey in check through natural selection. Without them, the number of their prey would explode and disease would increase. (虚拟语气) 像狼、鲨鱼和狮子这样的捕食性动物通过自然选择控制它们的猎物数量。没有它们，它们的猎物数量就会激增，疾病就会增多。

　14. The more wild animals we kill, the more debts we will pay in the future. 我们杀的野生动物越多，我们将来所欠的债务就越多。

　15. Humans hunt animals, destroy their habitats, and introduce other animals that prey upon endangered animals or compete for their resources. 人类猎取动物，毁坏了它们的栖息地，引进了其他的以濒临灭绝的动物为食或者同它们竞争资源的动物。

　16. Human development has robbed many unique and beautiful species of their habitats and put them at risk of extinction. 人类的发展把他们生活环境中的许多独特而美丽的物种都掠夺走了,并且把它们 置于灭绝的危险中。

　17. Up to 45% of the Australian animals are in danger of dying out in the next 20 years. Many of the species are under threat because wild cats are hunting them. 多达 45%的澳大利亚动物在未来 20 年内处于灭绝的危险中。许多的物种面临危险，因为野猫在猎取它们。

　18. In today"s world, many species become extinct or are threatened with extinction because of humans.在当今世界中,许多物种灭绝了或者因为人类而面临灭绝的危险。