小学生常心理问题及成因分析

　 华中师范大学高等教育自学考试

　毕 业 论 文

　论文题目：小学生常见心理问题及成因分析

　 准考证号： 013711212659

　 姓 名： 林玉娇

　 专 业： 心理健康教育

　 办 学 点： 郧阳师专

　 指导教师： 郑航月

　年 月 日

　华中师范大学高等教育自学考试办公室印制

　小学生常见心理问题及成因分析

　摘 要：少年儿童是一个特殊的群体，处于快速发育时期。所以在这个时期里，少年儿童极容易出现心理问题，近年来，存在儿童心理问题的人数有直线上升的趋势，据不完全统计，我国至少有3000万到5000万的儿童存在严重的心理问题，这些存在心理问题的儿童，严重影响了他们未来的正常学习、生活甚至未来的前程。青少年心理健康与否，直接关系到祖国未来建设者的素质。所以如何加强和促进少年儿童心理健康发展，已成为家长和所有教育工作者要研究和解决的重大课题。本文针对小学生常见的心理问题所伴随的表现及其产生原因进行探究。让孩子赢在起跑线上，更要保持在缓冲线上！

　关键词：心理问题 常见心理问题 成因分析

　目 录

　目 录 4

　前言 6

　1．心理问题的概念 7

　2.儿童常见的心理问题 8

　2.1环境适应问题 8

　2.2学习方面问题 8

　2.3厌学与逃学问题 9

　2.4人际交往问题 9

　2.5心理健康缺陷 9

　2.6依赖性问题 10

　2.7考场适应问题 11

　3.常见心理问题的成因。 12

　3.1来自小学生自身的因素 12

　3.2外界作用 13

　结论 16

　参考文献 17

　前言

　随着素质教育的深入开展小学生心理健康问题越来越受社会、学校、家庭的关注。社会进步了，人们的思想也发生了转变，随之而来的一些现实问题直接影响着青少年的健康成长。青少年学生是一个特殊的群体，因其年龄小，社会阅历少，心理处于一个特殊发展阶段，容易出现心理健康问题。而小学阶段是个体从依赖走向独立的过渡时期，更加容易出现各种心理和行为问题，更应引起我们的足够的重视。

　1．心理问题的概念

　心理问题也称心理失衡，是正常心理活动中的局部异常状态，不存在心理状态的病理性变化，具有明显的偶发性和和暂时性，常与一定的情境相联系，常有一定的情景诱发，脱离该情景，个体的心理活动则完全正常。从调查情况看，学习上存在问题的 集中在：学习方法习惯、注意力不集中、马虎、自主性、厌学情绪等。从调查情况看，学习上存在问题的 集中在：学习方法学习习惯、注意力不集中、马虎、自主性、厌学情绪等

　参考文献

　[1]范源清.青少年学生厌学心理探究及其矫正策略[J].现代技能开发.2002

　[2]徐妍.浅析青少年逆反心理的成因与应对措施[J].福建论坛:社科教育版.2007

　[3]孙玉莲.小学生常见问题及教育对策浅谈[J].才智.2010(24)

　[4]蔡雪红.小学生心理健康教育问题初探[J].希望月报.2007（9）．

　[5]贺来占.小学生常见心理成因分析及对策[J].内蒙古教育.2012（10）

　[6]薛喜民、薛雅芬.小学生心理健康的问题及对策研究[J].科教导刊.2011(11)．

　[7]夏芙蓉、王小峰.小学生心理健康教育对策[J].黑河教育.2007（6）．

　[8]李跃莲.小学生常见心理问题及对策[J].中国科教创新导刊.2012（21）

　[9]徐海云.探析小学生心理问题存在的原因与对策[J].改革与开发2011（24）

　[10] 张冬梅 、张晓燕、东志疆.学业不良青少年心理问题、成因及干预策略研究述评[J].快乐阅读.2013(9)

　the same direction of rotation 90 ° or 180 ° for; after each disc rotor when measuring position alignment of the two half coupling constant, should also be in terms of accuracy and consistency. Surface deviation measurement, must in every 180 degrees corresponding to the two radii are equal to each other in order to eliminate errors caused by movement of the rotor. Only a support bearing of the rotor, WA couplings, such as the use of temporary leave the Center, should pay attention to keep the rotor in the measuring process in the center of the bearing oil retaining the nest does not change. Steam oil block, there should be sufficient clearance between the rotor and, in rotors make sure rotor is not on the block or seal oil. At the time of measurement, connections are not allowed between two rotors, each in a free State. Not allowed in case of assembled sleeve, Center work on the toothed coupling. Coupling tool should have adequate stiffness, installation must be secure and reliable. Coupling Center using a dial indicator, the table should be put in prison and avoid touching, to ensure correct measurement. Coupling disc after a week to return to the original position, circumference of dial gauge reading should be able to go back to the original value. When measuring the clearance of end, into the feeler of the gap should not exceed four at a time, when the gap is too large, you can use the gasket with the feeler gauge measurement of gauge blocks or finishing. bearing surface, markup should be in accordance with the mounting support pads, and retest the thickness. Once the lifting cylinder measurement of surface and internal cylinder surface height difference, compared with the original values confirm the location. Internal vertical and horizontal cylinder under state key insertion installation complex measuring cylinder in axial position. Bottom

　the same direction of rotation 90 ° or 180 ° for; after each disc rotor when measuring position alignment of the two half coupling constant, should also be in terms of accuracy and consistency. Surface deviation measurement, must in every 180 degrees corresponding to the two radii are equal to each other in order to eliminate errors caused by movement of the rotor. Only a support bearing of the rotor, WA couplings, such as the use of temporary leave the Center, should pay attention to keep the rotor in the measuring process in the center of the bearing oil retaining the nest does not change. Steam oil block, there should be sufficient clearance between the rotor and, in rotors make sure rotor is not on the block or seal oil. At the time of measurement, connections are not allowed between two rotors, each in a free State. Not allowed in case of assembled sleeve, Center work on the toothed coupling. Coupling tool should have adequate stiffness, installation must be secure and reliable. Coupling Center using a dial indicator, the table should be put in prison and avoid touching, to ensure correct measurement. Coupling disc after a week to return to the original position, circumference of dial gauge reading should be able to go back to the original value. When measuring the clearance of end, into the feeler of the gap should not exceed four at a time, when the gap is too large, you can use the gasket with the feeler gauge measurement of gauge blocks or finishing. bearing surface, markup should be in accordance with the mounting support pads, and retest the thickness. Once the lifting cylinder measurement of surface and internal cylinder surface height difference, compared with the original values confirm the location. Internal vertical and horizontal cylinder under state key insertion installation complex measuring cylinder in axial position. Bottom

　the same direction of rotation 90 ° or 180 ° for; after each disc rotor when measuring position alignment of the two half coupling constant, should also be in terms of accuracy and consistency. Surface deviation measurement, must in every 180 degrees corresponding to the two radii are equal to each other in order to eliminate errors caused by movement of the rotor. Only a support bearing of the rotor, WA couplings, such as the use of temporary leave the Center, should pay attention to keep the rotor in the measuring process in the center of the bearing oil retaining the nest does not change. Steam oil block, there should be sufficient clearance between the rotor and, in rotors make sure rotor is not on the block or seal oil. At the time of measurement, connections are not allowed between two rotors, each in a free State. Not allowed in case of assembled sleeve, Center work on the toothed coupling. Coupling tool should have adequate stiffness, installation must be secure and reliable. Coupling Center using a dial indicator, the table should be put in prison and avoid touching, to ensure correct measurement. Coupling disc after a week to return to the original position, circumference of dial gauge reading should be able to go back to the original value. When measuring the clearance of end, into the feeler of the gap should not exceed four at a time, when the gap is too large, you can use the gasket with the feeler gauge measurement of gauge blocks or finishing. bearing surface, markup should be in accordance with the mounting support pads, and retest the thickness. Once the lifting cylinder measurement of surface and internal cylinder surface height difference, compared with the original values confirm the location. Internal vertical and horizontal cylinder under state key insertion installation complex measuring cylinder in axial position. Bottom