2020牛津译林版高中英语必修三全册重点句子句式归纳解析

　1

　2020 牛津 译林版 新教材必修 三重点句子句式归纳解析 B3U1

　 Reading

　(p.2-3) 1.Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. 欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处可闻各种动物的声音。（同位语）

　2.As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth"s ecosystem. 作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。

　3.The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all

　on the South American continent. 亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆 （介词短语+独立主格）

　4.With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为 600 万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。

　5.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. 这条河从高山流向海洋，沿途维系着多种不同的生态系统。

　6.Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon rainforest. 在人类已知的 390，000 种植物物种中，在亚马孙可以找到 40,000 多种。（过去分词短语作后置定语）

　7.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.

　往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。（倒装）

　8.Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to all kinds of living things. 雨林的每一层都自成一个小世界，成为各种生物的家园。（同位语）

　9.While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest"s food chain.

　尽管这里生存着数量可观的美洲豹，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。（让步状语从句）

　10.These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.

　相应地，这些青蛙的食物，是以树叶和水果为食的昆虫。

　11.The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth"s oxygen. 亚马孙雨林通过固定碳，并生成占全球总量 20%以上的氧气，来为地球注入活力。

　12.Thus, it is often known as the "lungs of the planet". 因此，它也常常被称作“地球之肺”。

　13.Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. 此外，亚马孙雨林还是食用物种和药用物种的宝库。

　2

　14.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. 然而，这些无可取代的动植物面临的一个主要威胁就是：我们。

　15.As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? 随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？（从句+主句被动语态+问句结尾）

　Integrated skills

　(p.8)

　16.When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks mayspring to mind. 当你想到一个可怕的猎人，狮子和鲨鱼的形象可能会浮现在脑海中。

　17.Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction.

　人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。

　18.Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals,while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations. 一些活动，如狩猎和捕鱼，直接伤害动物，而其他活动，如城镇发展，间接影响动物种群。

　19.Some people hunt animals for food：whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport. 有些人猎食动物是为了吃肉：世界上有些地方吃鲸鱼肉。有些人猎杀动物是为了时尚：动物皮被用来做外套和皮包。还有一些人猎杀动物只是为了好玩：鹿被喜欢从运动中获得兴奋的人跟踪和射杀。

　（排比）

　20.When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat.

　当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物可吃。

　21.As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. 随着人类人口的不断增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。

　（从句+倒装）

　Extended reading

　(p.11-12)

　22.Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith, a local resident; Vincent Brown, senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer, chief of the Nor gate Environmental Protection Committee. 今晚来到我们演播室的有本地居民詹姆斯·史密斯、本地一家工厂的高管文森特·布朗，还有诺盖特环境保护委员会的负责人朱莉·阿彻。（倒装+同位语）

　23.In defence of factories, however, I"d like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. 不过，我要为工厂说句话，我想指出，我们也在努力控制我们制造的污染。

　3

　24.We"ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs. 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。

　25.With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. 鉴于污染程度不断加重，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。

　26.We have to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic development. 我们必须在环境保护与经济发展之间求得平衡。

　27.We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. 我们也与其他政府部门携手，确保以一种环境友好的方式贯彻发展战略。

　28.However, fighting pollution isn"t just a task for factories and the government. It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can helpby following the golden rule：reduce, reuse and recycle.

　然而，与污染作斗争不仅仅是工厂与政府的任务，应该全社会通力协作，人人都可以通过遵守“减少使用、重复使用、回收利用”这一黄金法则来助力。

　（前句说 isn"t just a task for，后句紧跟 a community-wide effort，层次清晰，循序渐进，特别是最后的 by following the golden rule：reduce, reuse and recycle，三个“re-”，真的是黄金组合。）

　29.It"s our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development. It’s our duty to leave a better, cleaner and healthier planet to our children. It’s our duty to build a human community with a shared future . 在追求经济发展的同时保护环境，这是我们的责任。将一个更美好、更清洁、更健康的星球留给我们的后人，这是我们的责任。构建人类命运共同体，这是我们的责任。

　（三个 It"s our duty to 逐次排开，一气呵成，气势不凡，号召力极强。）

　B3U2

　P.15 1.Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood. 大自然有点像一位慈爱的母亲，也是一位冷血的屠夫。

　2.Natural disasters are terrible reminders of the power of nature. 然灾害是大自然力量的可怕的提醒者。

　Reading （P.16-17）

　3.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 尽管目前整个灾区伤亡数据为 7 人死亡，200 多人受伤，（弗尔蒙特小学）却仅有 5 名学生受轻伤。

　4.At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.

　4 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。

　5.There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly. 尽管玻璃破碎、东西倒地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。

　（but 连接并列句，前半句使用 there be 句型，loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground 使用两个doing 结构做介词 of 的宾语，后半句一个用主系表结构，一个用主谓结构，后接 calmly and quietly 两个副词叠加，起到很好的修饰作用。）

　6.The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.

　晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。

　（The moment 连接从句，表示“一„„就„„”，sense 由名词转化作动词，表示“感觉到”，escape 没有用动词，而是改成名词，转化成短语 make one"s escape，都使得句子很上档次。）

　7.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们用双手护着头，排好队，有序离开教室。

　（名词活用着动词+doing 作状语）

　8.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed,laughing, crying and hugging each other. 点名确认所有人都安然无差后，大家才松了一口气，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。

　（after 从句中的单词和短语 roll call， confirm，safe and sound 用得高级，以及主句后的 laughing, crying and hugging三个 doing 做伴随状语，很有气势。）

　9.People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, enjoyingthe warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair.

　人们在散步、晨跑，或者就是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海边空气和拂过发际的微风。

　（四个连续的 doing 用法，walking，running，sitting 用 or 连接构成谓语，enjoying 短语做伴随状语， beach，sea，wind 三个名词分别用 sandy，warm，soft 三个形容词来修饰，以及最后的 that brushed their hair 构成的定语从句，特别是其中的 brush 一词的拟人化用法，使句子呈现出动感，画面感。）

　10.It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的前兆。

　（It occurred to her that“突然想到”，这个句型使用恰当，approaching 修饰 tsunami，给人海啸扑面而来的感觉。）

　11.To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. 使她大为宽慰的是，安全员立即意识到危险即将条临。

　12.The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge wavescrashed into the coast. 就在巨浪拍岸的前一刻，海滩上的人迅速疏散一空。

　P.20 13.That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only to hear that a hurricane was on its way. 那天早上，我打开电视看了一些当地新闻，却听到一场飓风即将来临。

　（only to do sth，动词不定式表示意外结果）

　14.The roads were blocked, so there was nothing for me to do but stay inside.

　5 道路被堵住了，所以我只能呆在屋里。

　15.When the wind and rain stopped, I looked out of the window, only to seehuge trees lying across the street and water everywhere! 当风雨停了，我向窗外望去，只见大树横躺在街上，到处都是水！

　16.The hurricane must have caused a lot of damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了很大的破坏和痛苦。

　17.Luckily many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities. 幸运的是许多人来帮忙，把食物和衣服捐赠给慈善机构。

　P.21 18.Just then, I saw a note from Mr Li on the office door saying he was in the meeting room. 就在那时，我看到办公室门上有一张李先生的便条，说他在会议室。

　19.Nothing was left in one piece. 一件东西也没有留下。

　P.23 20.The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows. 风呼啸着，雨打在屋顶和窗户上。

　（roar 和 beat 两个动词突出了 wind 和 rain 的动感。）

　21.Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag. 爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们的重要文件和救灾物资放进一个袋子里。

　22.Without saying a single word, Dad walked to the sofa, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. 一句话也没说，爸爸走到沙发前，坐下来抱住妻子和女儿。

　（Without saying a single word 介词短语，特别是 single 一词的使用，加上 walked, sat,hugged 三个动作的连续使用，凸显了 Dad 的人物特征。）

　23.The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. 屋里突然一片寂静，似乎让外面的风雨更加可怕。

　Extended reading (P.25-26) 24.Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas,along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in theglassy water of the port.

　进口货物到城内、出口货物到海外的商船，以及富贵人家金灿灿的游船，齐聚在港口波光都粼的水面上。

　（主语 Trading ships 后加 bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas 现在分词短语作后置定语，又加上一个 along with golden pleasure boats for the rich 介词短语作为补充，谓语之后又加上 in the glassy water of the port介词短语来修饰，glassy 一词突出了水的清澈美丽，谓语 crowd 凸显了当时码头的繁华。）

　6 25.Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions thatmight have warned the city what was to come! 火山岩忽明忽陷，讲述着几度喷发的往事，这原本可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的是什么！

　（主谓之间插入这样一组词语 now dark, now light, 凸显了火山岩快要喷发一瞬间的变化，told 的拟人化手法，以及 might have warned 和 was to come 两个从句中谓语动词的情态动词及时态的恰当运用，告诉读者火山欲来的情景。）

　26.The awful night rolled slowly away, and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! 可怕的夜晚缓缓退去，晦暗的晨光开启了庞贝城的末日！

　27.The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloudshooting from the top of the volcano.

　人们抬头仰望，眼前景象让他们感到莫名恐惧，只见一团庞大的云正从火山口喷薄而出。

　28.This fire moved and changed in colour with every moment：now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an unbearable light! 火焰翻腾着，颜色变幻不定，时而极明亮，时而又变得微弱，呈现熄灭之前的暗红，时而又烧起来，放出刺眼的强光！

　（谓语部分 moved and changed in colour with every moment：一个冒号引出三个 now，让读者身临其境，好像火山喷发跃然眼前，三个 now 后接内容各不相同，一为 was wildly bright，系表结构，中间的 wildly 使得 bright 光芒四射，二为省略，省去了 it was，后接 of a pale and dying red 介词短语作表语，pale and dying 的修饰给人凝重感，三为主谓结构，后加 with an unbearable light 介词短语，unbearable 的修饰也使得这种 light 令人窒息。）

　29.At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet；beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. 那一刻，他们感到脚下的大地正在颤抖：他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。

　（分号将两个瞬间动作分别开来，由近到远，依次道来，后半句 beyond in the distance 先用副词，再用介词短语，让读者的视野渐行渐远，felt，shaking，heard，crash, falling 增加了视听感。）

　30.A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river；at the same time, it threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noisy crash in the stormy sea—fell that awful shower ! 过了片刻，山上的云团似乎正向他们滚滚而来，阴沉迅猛，如汹涌的江水；与此同时，云团中抛洒下阵雨似的火山灰和大块大块燃烧着的石头，落在空荡荡的街道，落在广场上，四面八方，还有许多掉在波涛汹涌的大海里，发出阵阵巨响——下了一场可怕的大雨！

　（A moment later 和 at the same time 两个短语，使得事情的发展井然有序，towards，out，Over，over 几个介副词的按次出现以及短语 far and wide“到处”的使用，让火山喷发的威力和毁灭性展露彻底。）

　31.Each turned to fly—each running, pressing, pushing against the other. 所有人都赶忙飞奔——他们奔跑，拥挤，你推我搡。

　（一个 fly 凸显了人们面临死亡四散奔逃，后接的 running, pressing, pushing against the other 连续三个 doing 使这种逃命之际无暇顾及他人生死的画面跃然纸上。）

　32.Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案，一点都没有褪色。

　7 B3U3 Reading (P.30-31) 1.We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some truly life-changing advantages. 我们在网上几平无所不能，接入互联网带来了一些实实在在的、改变我们生活的好处。（倒装）

　2.One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. 互联网的最大优势之一在于可以快速、方便地获取海量信息。

　3.To a certain extent, the world"s knowledge is all at our fingertips. 从某种程度而言，动动手指，全世界的知识就能尽在掌握。

　4.With the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know, from recipes to travel packages, from military affairs to learning resources. 点一下鼠标，或者按一下按钮，就有可能找到几乎所有我们想了解的一切，从烹任食谱到旅游套餐，从军事事务到学习资源。

　5.No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information. 难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的首选途径。

　6.The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce , more commonly known as e-commerce. 互联网通过电子商务——也就是通常所说的电商——提供应有尽有的商品和服务，给我们的生活带来了难以置信的便利。

　（主体部分主谓宾+宾补结构，unbelievably 来修饰 convenient，凸显便利之实，附上 with 复合结构，补充原因。）

　7.You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites. 通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。

　8.Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—we can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of our living room. 为了买一双理想的靴子，一家店接一家店去找的目子已经一去不复返了，你可以舒舒服服地待在自家客厅里比较款式和价格，省时省力。

　（Gone are the days 用过去分词开头引出倒装，后用对照突出购物的今非昔比。）

　 9.There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone. 不用担心，几乎所有的费用你都可以通过智能手机来支付。

　10.Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties. 最重要的是，互联网帮助我们建立并维持社交联系。

　11.With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets in the way. 有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍。

　12.No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.

　8 不管身在何处，我们都能与所爱之人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，发现兴趣相投的新群体。

　13.However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. 然而，尽管互联网有诸多宝贵的优势，“互联”却也有其自身的问题。

　（However 过渡，while 引导让步状语从句，being connected 动名词被动式构成主句主语。）

　14.As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. 跟对待任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并合理、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。

　15.Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.

　唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。

　（Only+介词短语引出倒装，a place of 后面接三个名词，凸显网络好处多多。）

　Extended reading (P.39-40) 16.My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night. 无论是走在大街上，还是同朋友吃饭，或者晚上躺在床上，我都目不转睛地盯着这块小小的屏幕。

　17.The first thing I did when I woke up in the morning was reach for my phone. 早晨醒来，我做的第一件事就是伸手拿手机。

　（不定式作表语，前面有 do，to 省略）

　18.Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 有时候，我有种不安的感觉，这台小小的机器占用了我太多的时间，我本该做一些更有意义的事，而不是整体都盯着一块小小的屏幕。

　（feeling 后接 that...and that 两个同位语从句。）

　19.Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make a change.终于我意识到自己必须做出改变的那天到来了。

　（the day came when 用 when 引导定语从句，修饰 the day，中间用谓语 came 隔开，构成分离性从句。）

　20.At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole week without my smartphone. 就在那一瞬间，我下定决心，过一周不碰手机的日子。

　（At that very moment 中 very 的修饰，突出了“就在那一刻”）

　21.I was used to checking the news and my friends" social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. 我习惯了隔几分钟就翻翻新闻，浏览一下朋友们社交媒体的更新情况，可是现在，我有些无所适从。

　22.The empty hours stretched out in front of me, and I felt disconnected from everyone and everything. 空虚的时光在我面前拉长，我感觉和所有人、所有事都断了联系。

　23.I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was soon lost inthe beautiful language. 我终于重拾那本我一直都想读的名著小说，很快就沉浸在它优美的语言中。

　9

　24.The details of the scene were revealed in front of me: the soft sunlight, a bird singing from a high tree branch, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain.

　风景的细微之处在我面前一览无余：和煦的阳光，一只小鸟在高高的树枝上歌唱，还有雨后浓郁的泥土的芬芳。

　（The details of the scene 后用冒号呈现美景细节：the soft sunlight, a bird singing from a high tree branch, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain“和煦的阳光，一只小鸟在高高的树枝上歌唱，雨后浓郁的泥土的芬芳”。）

　25.Best of all, I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead ofthrough my smartphone camera. 最棒的是，我开始通过自己的双眼，而不是手机的摄像头，来欣赏生活的美。

　26.With eyes no longer fixed on our phones, we had a chance to really enjoy each other"s company.

　眼睛不再盯着手机，我么得以真正享受彼此的陪伴。

　27.I brought them up to date with what was going on in my life. 我也让他们知悉最近我生活中发生了哪些事。

　28.We have never felt closer to each other. 我们觉得彼此从未如此亲密过。

　29.I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do.

　我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在手机上的时间，我说到做到。

　B3U4

　Reading (P.44-45) 1.Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People"s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history.

　屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她获奖是因为她为抗击疟疾所做出的贡献——疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。

　（序数词接不定式做后置定语+过去分词短语+同位语）

　2.Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. 1930 年，屠呦呦出生于浙江宁波，1951 年至 1955 年，屠呦呦在北京读大学，学习药学。

　（过去分词短语开头作状语）

　3.She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. 她完成了中医领域的培训课程深造，获得了广泛的中西医知识。

　（acquiring 引出现在分词短语作状语。）

　4.In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.

　10 20 世纪 60 年代，许多人死于疟疾，于是 1969 年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组组长。

　5.When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。

　6.They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. 他们夜以继日地工作，由于条件恶劣，他们的健康开始受损，但却从未放弃。

　7.The trials on real patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. 由于没有足够的安全数据，对真人患者的试验可能会推迟。

　8.In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. 在她的诺贝尔获奖演讲中，她鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医这座宝库，并让其更上一层楼。

　9.Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to human health care. 也许下一代的科学家，汲取 l 传统中医的智慧，确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。

　P.47 10.However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments. 然而，直到 20 世纪 70 年代，屠呦呦经过多次失败的实验，才成功地发现了青蒿素。

　（however 过渡，主体部分使用强调句型，内含 not until 短语。）

　P.48 11.As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune favours the prepared mind.” 正如路易斯·巴斯德所说：“幸运眷顾有准备的人。”（引用名言）

　P.49 12.The story goes like this: Franklin had found lightning interesting for years, believing it was actually electricity. 故事是这样的：富兰克林多年来一直觉得闪电很有趣，认为它实际上是电。（讲述故事常用句型）

　 13.However, some people questioned whether he had actually done the experiment,arguing that if he had really done it, he would have received a deadly electric shock.

　然而，一些人质疑他是否真的做了这个实验，认为如果他真的做了，他会受到致命的电击。

　（however 过渡，questioned 名词和转化为动词，后接宾语从句，arguing 现在分词，作伴随状语，后接宾语从句，补充争论的内容。）

　14.Whatever the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the studies of electricity. 不管真相如何，富兰克林的确对电学的研究做出了贡献。

　（Whatever the truth 引导让步状语从句，其中最后省略了 it is/was。did 对谓语进行强调。）

　P.51

　11 15.The most popular experiment was "Planets in a bottle", in which students tried to recreate the conditions of different planets inside glass bottles. 最受欢迎的实验是“瓶子里的行星”，学生们试图在玻璃瓶子里重现不同行星的状况。（非限制性定语从句）

　16.The Science Festival has proved to be a huge success due to all of the students’ hard work—it was a real team effort. 由于全体学生的努力，科学节取得了巨大的成功，这是一次真正的团队合作。

　（proved 做连系动词，构成主系表结构，success 抽象名词具体化，变成可数名词，表示“成功的人/事”。）

　Extended reading (P.53-54) 17.Put another way, what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to—the thing I had loved—when I saw what terrible things it could do? 换言之，在我发现科学可能造成的恶果之后，我一直投身其中的科学——我曾经的挚爱——其价值何在？ （Put another way“换句话说”起到很好的过渡作用，破折号中间内容起到很好的补充说明作用。）

　18.Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science；it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. 当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。

　（not only...also 关联，后接两个 to the credit of“归功于”, 形成排比，推理层层递进。）

　19.With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still.

　随新知而来的是更深刻、更精妙的奥秘，激励我们更深入地去探究。

　（介词短语开头构成完全倒装，后接 inspiring 现在分词短语，构成结果状语。）

　20.Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence weturn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. 我们从不担心答案会令人失望，带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。

　（Never concerned 过去分词否定式放在开头作原因状语；最后的 leading 现在分词短语作后置定语）

　21.The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of great importance. 科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。

　22.When a scientist doesn"t know the answer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt. 当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。

　（三句话都是 when 时间状语从句开头，构成排比，但每句使用结构各不相同，doesn"t know→has an idea→is pretty sure of 层层推进，主句部分 ignorant→uncertain→still in some doubt 用词也不重复，用词非常精彩。）

　23.Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。

　12 24.It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom, to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed, and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. 作为科学家我们深知伟大的进步是思想自由的成果，我们有责任闸明这种自由的价值；我们有责任教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨；我们更有责任强烈要求拥有这一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。

　（整个句子用 It is our responsibility to do sth 句型，中间 knowing...构成插入语，对 scientists 追加说明，to declare→to teach→and to demand 又构成强有力的排比,并且三个动词后面的宾语各不相同，the value of this freedom 是名词短语，how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed 为宾语从句，this freedom as our duty to all coming generations 为宾语+宾语补足语，句式相当高级。）