2020-2021学年人教版高一上学期英语期末单元基础测试：必修2,Unit3,Computers

　修 必修 2 Unit 3 Computers

　 单元 题目 步骤（过程）

　形式（题型）

　Unit 3

　Computers

　单元词汇总识 单词测写 单元语法测试 单项选择 单元语篇回顾 语法填空 单元综合能力检测 完形填空 阅读理解 书面表达

　一．单元词汇 总识 ( 单词测写) 1.△abacus n. __________ 2.△calculator n. __________ 3.△PC（=personal computer）__________

　4.△laptop n. __________ 5.△PDA(personal digital assistant)__________ 6.△analytical adj. __________ 7.calculate vt. __________ 8.universal adj. __________ 9.simplify vt. __________ 10.sum n. __________ 11.△Charles Babbag__________e

　12.operator n. __________ 13.logical adj. __________ 14.logically adv. __________ 15.technology n. __________ 16.technological adj. __________ 17.Revolution n. __________ 18.artificial adj. __________ 19.intelligence n. __________ 20.intelligent adj. __________ 21.△Alan Turing__________ 22.solve vt. __________ 23.△mathematical adj__________.

　24.from…on __________ 25.reality n. __________ 26.△designer n. __________ 27.personal adj. __________ 28.personally adv. __________ 29.tube n. __________ 30.△transistor n. __________ 31.△chip n. __________ 32.as a result __________ 33.total adj. n. __________ 34.totally adv. __________ 35.so…that…__________ 36.network n. __________

　37.web n. __________ 38.application n. __________ 39.finance n. __________ 40.mobile adj. __________ 41.Rocket n. __________ 42.explore vt. & vi.

　43.△Mars n.

　44.Anyhow adv. __________ 45.goal n. __________ 46.happiness n. __________ 47.human race __________ 48.△supporting adj. __________ 49.download vt. __________ 50.△programmer n. __________ 51.virus n. __________ 52.△android n. __________ 53.signal vi. & vt.

　 n. __________ 54.△teammate n. __________ 55.△Nagoya n. __________ 56.△Seattle n. __________ 57.type n. vt. & vi. __________ 58.in a way __________ 59.coach n. __________ 60.arise vi. (arose, arisen) __________ 61.with the help of __________ 62.electronic adj. __________ 63.appearance n. __________ 64.character n. __________ 65.mop n. vt. __________ 66.deal with __________ 67.watch over __________ 68.△naughty adj. __________ 69.niece n. __________ 70.△spoil vt. _________二．单元语法测试 ( 单项选择) 1.——-Flight 302 to London_______ until 7:30 tomorrow morning.

　 ——-No wonder I hear so many complaints from the passengers. A. has been delayed

　B. delay

　C. delayed

　D. will be delayed 2.Paper money ___for over a thousand years.2.—The window is dirty. — I know. It ________ for

　weeks.

　A. hasn"t clean

　 B. didn"t clean

　 C. wasn"t cleaned

　 D. hasn"t been cleaned 3.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________

　before leaving their hometowns. A. promised

　B. were promised

　 C. have promised

　D. have been promised 4.—_____David and Vicky_____ married?

　 — For about three years. A. How long were; being

　B. How long have; got C. How long have; been

　 D. How long did; get 5.Millions of pounds" worth of damage_____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.

　A. has been caused

　 B. had been caused C. will be caused

　D. will have been caused

　A.used

　 B .has been used

　 C .has used

　D .is using 7 .—We want to sit at the table near the window.

　--I’m sorry, but it ___already.

　A .has taken

　 B. took

　C. was taken

　 D..has been taken 8 .--___the letter ___to Mr. .Black?

　--No .It’s still on the desk.

　A. Has;given

　B. Will; be given

　 C. Was ;given

　D .Has ;been given 9 .Great changes ___in my home town and a lot of

　factories___.

　A. have been taken place ;are being set up

　B. have taken place ;have been set up

　C. are taken place; had been set up

　D. had taken place ;will be set up 10 .So far, moon_ __by man already.

　A. is visited

　 B .will be visited

　 C. has been visited

　D. was visited 三 ．单元语篇回顾 ( 语法填空) 1.____________ history of computer began in 1642 in France. 2.____________ was first built only as a calculating machine，and later as an Analytical Machine that could ""think""

　3.____________(logic)and produce an answer quicker than any person.Still later ， the ""universal machine""is built 4.____________(solve)mathematical problem，5.____________ made computer huge! 6.____________ the

　years have gone by，computer has been made smaller，quicker 7.____________ cleverer.Later，computers were connected by network and brought 8.____________ common people"s homes to deal with information and help communication 9.____________people around the world.Since 10.___________ birth，computer has always been designed to serve the human race.

　三． 综合能力检测 ( 完形填空 、阅读理解和书 面表达) 1. 【完形填空】

　 In France, a bookstore chain has put a special camera in its shops. The system feeds a video stream to software which

　 1

　 shoppers’ movements and facial expressions for surprise, dissatisfaction, confusion or hesitation. When a shopper walks to the end of an aisle（货架通道）

　only to

　 2

　 with a frown to a particular bookshelf, the software messages

　 3

　 , who then go to help. For the eight months leading up to this April, sales rose

　 4

　 a tenth. The bookseller wants to keep its name

　 5

　 for now. Similarly，other French clients of the Paris startup behind the technology, Angus.ai, are

　 6

　 it in stores which are not open to the public. They

　 7

　airport owner Aéroports de Paris, the luxury-goods giant LVMH, and Carrefour, the supermarkets chain. Simple video produces a lot of insights, but there are far more complicated ways of learning about shoppers’

　 8

　 . Thermal-imaging (热成像的) cameras

　 9

　 detect heart rates. Wirelessly collected data from smartphone accelerometers (加速度传感器) can suggest when shoppers become fascinated (movement stops) or are unhappy about

　 10

　 (a phone is raised to search for cheaper products online). For even more insights, shoppers are sometimes asked to put on special equipment, typically in exchange for a

　11

　 or reward of another kind. All of this could be a(n)

　 12

　 , some say, for sellers to enjoy the advantage that big data has long given online sellers. A race is

　 13

　 to work out how best to

　 14

　 and use emotional data, thus improving packaging, displays, music, or the content and timing of persuading customers into buying goods. Using technology is much less

　 15

　 than old-fashioned interviewing. Nielson, a consumer-research giant, charges around $10,000 to interview 25 shoppers about three products. Angus. ai’ s service costs just $66 a month per camera. Sometimes,

　 16

　 market surveys may ask the wrong questions. What’s more, they can give misleading

　 17

　 . People typically change their responses

　intentionally to make themselves sound sensible,

　 18

　 purchases are often driven by subconscious (潜意识的) emotions. One obvious

　 19

　 of shopping’s emotional side is the idea of “retail therapy” — consumers driven to spend when they are feeling blue. Whichever store is the first to spot mildly

　 20

　 customers could make a fortune! 1．A．receives B．analyzes C．designs D．delivers 2．A．return B．nod C．yell D．sit 3．A．guards B．officials C．secretaries D．clerks 4．A．to B．at C．for D．by 5．A．present B．different C．quiet D．famous 6．A．testing B．improving C．leading D．leaving 7．A．contain B．include C．list D．involve 8．A．ideas B．preferences C．choices D．emotions 9．A．must B．need C．can D．should 10．A．services B．prices C．qualities D．packages 11．A．product B．value C．discount D．activity 12．A．challenge B．chance C．alternative D．routine 13．A．on B．off C．up D．in 14．A．store B．process C．collect D．share 15．A．mature B．popular C．attractive D．expensive 16．A．traditional B．ordinary C．original D．historical 17．A．impressions B．suggestions C．results D．promotions 18．A．because B．while C．though D．unless 19．A．change B．imitation C．example D．signal 20．A．satisfied B．affected C．confused D．depressed 2 【. 阅读理解】

　More than a billion people around the world have smart phones,almost all of which come with navigation(导航)apps such as Google or Apple Maps.This raises the questions we meet with any technology:What skills are we losing?What abilities are we gaining? Talking with people who’re good at finding their way around or using paper maps,I often hear lots of

　frustration with digital maps.North/South direction gets messed up,and you can see only a small section at a time. But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me.Despite being a frequent traveler,I’m so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps every day in the small town where I have lived for many years.What looks like an imperfect product to some has been a significant expansion of my own abilities. Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires specific skills.There is nothing natural about them.In many developed nations,including the U.S.,one expects street names and house numbers to be meaningful references,and instructions such as“go north for three blocks and then west”make sense.In Istanbul,in contrast,where I grew up,none of those hold true.For one thing,the locals rarely use street names.Why bother when a government or a military group might change them again?Besides,the city is full of winding,ancient alleys that meet newer avenues at many angles.Instructions as simple as“go north”would require a helicopter or a bulldozer(推土机). Let’s come back to my original questions.While we often lose some skills after leaving the work to technology,it may also allow us to expand our abilities.Consider the calculator:I don’t doubt that our arithmetic skills might have dropped a bit as the little machines became common,but calculations that were once boring and tricky are now much more straightforward and one can certainly do more complex calculations more confidently. 21．What is the drawback of digital maps? A．They aren’t connected to smart phones. B．They cost too much to download. C．They leave some users frustrated. D．They mix up the south and the north. 22．What’s the author’s attitude toward digital maps? A．Doubtful B．ambiguous C．Supportive D．Uncaring. 23．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．No calculators,no digital maps. B．Technology is not developed in a day. C．Two paper maps are better than a digital one. D．When technology closes a door,it opens one as well. 3.【 【 书面表达】

　】

　假定本周你们班英语课的每日课前演讲的话题是“What do you think the robot will be like in the

　future?”。请你围绕该话题写一篇英语发言稿，谈谈你心中的未来机器人会是什么样子的、具备哪些功能等。

　注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可以适当发挥想象。

　Good morning, everyone! It is my turn to make a speech here today.

　________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案 一．单元词汇总识 ( 单词测写) 1. △abacus n. 算盘 2. △calculator n. 计算器 3. △PC（=personal computer）个人电脑；个人计算机 4. △laptop n. 手提电脑 5. △PDA(personal digital assistant)掌上电脑；个人数码助理 6. △analytical adj. 分析的 7. calculate vt. 计算 8. universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 9. simplify vt. 简化 10. sum n. 总数；算术题；金额 11. △Charles Babbage 查尔斯·巴比奇（英国数学教授）

　12. operator n. （电脑）操作员；接线员 13. logical adj. 合逻辑的；合情理的 14. logically adv. 逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地 15. technology n. 工艺；科技；技术 16. technological adj. 科技的 17. revolution n. 革命 18. artificial adj. 人造的；假的 19. intelligence n. 智力；聪明；智能 20. intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的 21. △Alan Turing 艾伦·图灵（英国数学家）

　22. solve vt. 解决；解答 23. △mathematical adj. 数学的 24. from…on 从……时起 25. reality n. 真实；事实；现实

　26. △designer n. 设计师 27. personal adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的 28. personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自 29. tube n. 管；管子；电子管 30. △transistor n. 晶体管 31. △chip n. 碎片；芯片 32. as a result 结果 33. total adj. 总的；整个的 n. 总数；合计 34. totally adv. 完全地；整个地 35. so…that… 如此……以致于…… 36. network n. 网络；网状物 37. web n. 网 38. application n. 应用；用途；申请 39. finance n. 金融；财经 40. mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的 41. rocket n. 火箭 42. explore vt. & vi. 探索；探测；探究 43. △Mars n. 火星 44. anyhow adv. （也作 anyway）无论如何；即使如此 45. goal n. 目标；目的；球门；（进球）得分 46. happiness n. 幸福；快乐 47. human race 人类 48. △supporting adj. 支持的；支撑的 49. download vt. 下载 50. △programmer n. 程序员；程序师 51. virus n. 病毒 52. △android n. 机器人 53. signal vi. & vt. 发信号 n. 信号 54. △teammate n. 同伴；伙伴 55. △Nagoya n. 名古屋（日本港市）

　56. △Seattle n. 西雅图（美国城市）

　57. type n. 类型 vt. & vi. 打字 58. in a way 在某种程度上 59. coach n. 教练 60. arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生 61. with the help of 在……的帮助下 62. electronic adj. 电子的 63. appearance n. 外观；外貌；出现 64. character n. 性格；特点 65. mop n. 拖把 vt. 用拖把拖；擦 66. deal with 处理；安排；对付 67. watch over 看守；监视 68. △naughty adj. 顽皮的；淘气的 69. niece n. 侄女；甥女 70. △spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏

　二．单元语法测试 ( 单项选择) 1.答案：

　A 解析：确定首句时态的关键信息在于----No wonder I hear so many complaints from the passengers.既然听到了乘客的抱怨，说明航班已经被推迟。也就是说，推迟这一动作发生在过去且已对现在产生影响，所以用现在完成时。

　2.答案：D 解析：根据时间状语 for weeks 可知道用现在完成时，表示已经有好几周没擦窗了。并且主语 It (即 the window)与 clean 是被动关系，故选 D 项。

　3. 答案：

　D 解析：根据上文所用时态，下文应该用现在范畴的时态，排除 A、B 两个答案，再考虑语态，选 D 项。

　4. 答案：C

　解析：根据该对话中的时间状语 for about three years 该题问的是动作持续了多久，用现在完成时，排除 A、D 两项。get married 强调的是结婚这一动作，不能延续，故排除 B 项。be married表示已婚的状态，可以延续。故本题答案为 C 项。

　5. 答案：A

　解析：这道题的意思是“昨晚横扫英格兰北部的暴风雨已经造成了上百万英镑的损失”，这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选 A。

　6. 答案：B 解析：该题的时间状语 for over a thousand years.，该问题已持续很长时间，用现在完成时。Money 是被使用的因此用被动语态，所以其他选项不完整。

　7. 答案：D

　解析：该对话的意思是“---我要坐那个靠窗户的位置，---对不起，那个位置已经有人了”。说的是那个位置已经被别人事先预定了，位置预定需要用被动，而预定这个动作已经完成，故用 D. 8. 答案：D 解析：根据对话答语的副词 still on the desk 说明该动作还没有完成，所以问句问的是动作看是否已经完成？letter 和 given 之间又是被动关系，故选 D 9. 答案：B 解析：这句话的意思是说目前家乡已经发生了很大的变化，建起了很多工厂。这些动作都已经完成故用完成时态，变化和工厂做主语需要用被动语态，而 take place 无被动形式，所以选 B 10.答案：C 解析：so far 是和现在完成时连用的时间状语，方位月球，月球做主语要用被动语态，所以选 C。

　三．单元语篇回顾 ( 语法填空) 【答案】

　1.The 2.It 3.logically 4.to solve

　5．which

　6.As 7.and 8.into

　9.between 10.its

　四．综合能 力检测 ( 完形填空 、阅读理解和书面表达) 1. 【完形填空】

　【答案】

　1．B2．A3．D4．D5．C 6．A7．B8．D9．C10．B 11．C12．B13．A14．C15．D 16．A17．C18．B19．C20．D 【分析】

　这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一种特殊的相机，能够通过分析购物者的动作和面部表情来提供商品的销量。

　1． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该系统将一段视频输入软件，分析购物者的动作和面部表情，以发现他们的惊讶、不满、困惑或犹豫。A. receives 收到；B. analyzes 分析；C. designs 设计；D. delivers 传送。这里是系统分析购物者的表情和动作，然后发现不同的情绪。故选 B 项。

　2． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当顾客走到货架通道末端，返回特定书架的时候皱着眉头, 软件就会通知店员，店员知道后会去帮助顾客。A. return 返回；B. nod 点头；C. yell 大叫；D. sit 坐下。这里顾客走到货架的尽头没有找到货物，所以是返回的时候皱着眉头。故选 A 项。

　3． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当顾客走到货架通道末端，返回特定书架的时候皱着眉头, 软件就会通知店员，店员知道后会去帮助顾客。A. guard 守卫；B. officials 官员；C. secretaries 秘书；D. clerks 店员。这里是在商店，所以是店员帮助顾客。故选 D 项。

　4． 考查介词辨析。句意：到今年 4 月为止的 8 个月里，销售量继续增长了十分之一。

　rise to 表示上升到，固定搭配。

　故选 A 项。

　5． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家书店想暂时不公开它的名字。A. present 目前的，现在的；B. different 不同的；C. quiet 安静的；D. famous 著名的。keep sth quiet 表示不公开，后文说到法国的一个商店也不对公众公开，这里前后照应，故选 C 项。

　6． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样，这项技术背后的巴黎初创公司安格斯(Angus)的其他法国客户也是如此，将把它留在不向公众开放的商店。

　A. testing 测试；B. improving 提高；C. leading 引导；D.

　leaving 离开，留下。leave it 这里是留下的意思，把特殊的相机留在商店。故选 D 项。

　7． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还包括机场所有者巴黎机场、奢侈品巨头路威酩轩集团和连锁超市家乐福。A. contain 包含；B. include 包括；C. list 例举；D. involve 包含。contain 和 include 都有“包含”的意思，但 contain 强调容量，表示所含之物的全部或部分，include 强调范围，表示所包含之物中的一部分，involve 表示涉及,牵连,影响，这里是这个特殊的相机存在的范围，故选 B 项。

　8． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：简单的视频可以产生很多深刻的见解，但要了解购物者的情绪，还有更复杂的方法。A. ideas 主意；B. preferences 偏爱；C. choices 选择；D. emotions 情感。前文说到捕捉购物者表情，这里和情绪相近，故选 D 项。

　9． 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：热成像的相机能够捕捉心率。

　A. must 必须；B. need 需要；C. can 能够；D. should 应该。这里表示相机的能力是什么，can 表示能力，故选 C 项。

　10． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当顾客着迷(运动停止)或不满价格时，从智能手机加速度传感器收集的无线数据可以建议寻找更便宜的产品。A. services 服务；B. prices 价格；C. qualities 质量；D. packages 包裹。后半句说到寻找价格更便宜的产品，所以这里是对价格不满意，故选 B 项。

　11． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了获得更多的信息，购物者有时会被要求穿上特殊的设备，通常是为了换取折扣或其他形式的奖励。A. product 产品；B. value 价值；C. discount 折扣；D. activity 活动。

　顾客穿上特殊装备是有特殊优惠的，这里 discount 折扣和 reward 奖励对应，故选 C 项。

　12． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人说，所有这些都可能是卖家享受大数据长期以来给在线卖家带来的优势的一个机会。A. challenge 挑战；B. chance 机会；C. alternative 选择；D. routine 路线。大数据给买家带来了收益，所以这是一个机会。故选 B 项。

　13． 考查介词词义辨析。句意：如何最好地收集和使用情感数据，从而改善包装、展示、音乐，或者说服顾客购买商品的内容和时间，一场竞赛正在展开。这里比赛开始，只能用 on。故选 A 项。

　14． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如何最好地收集和使用情感数据，从而改善包装、展示、音乐，或者说

　服顾客购买商品的内容和时间，一场竞赛正在展开。

　A. store 储存；B. process 加工；C. collect 收集；D. share 分享。照相机手机人的表情和动作来作为数据，所以选择收集。故选 C 项。

　15． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用科技要比老式的采访便宜的多。

　A. mature 成熟的；B. popular 流行的；C. attractive 吸引人的；D. expensive 昂贵的。后文提到了收费，使用这里是价格的比较。故选 D 项。

　16． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候传统的市场调研可能会问错问题。

　A. traditional 传统的；B. ordinary 一般的；C. original 原始的；D. historical 历史的。

　这里传统的市场调研和前文的老式的采访对应，故选 A 项。

　17． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：

　此外，它们会让人误导。

　A. impressions 映像；B. suggestions 建议；C. results 结果；D. promotions 提高。

　前面说到问错误的问题，使用导致的结果的误导，故选 C 项。

　18． 考查连词词义辨析。句意：人们通常改变他们的反应故意让自己听起来合理,而购买通常是由潜意识情绪驱使的。A. because 因为；B. while 当，然而；C. though 尽管；D. unless 除非。

　这里前后句是转折关系，需要转折词。故选 B 项。

　19． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于购物的情感方面，一个明显的例子就是“购物疗法”——当消费者感到沮丧时，就会被驱使去消费。A. change 改变；B. imitation 模仿；C. example 例子；D. signal 信号。

　购物疗法是举的例子。故选 C 项。

　20． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论哪家商店第一个发现轻度抑郁的顾客都可以大赚一笔。A. satisfied 满意的；B. affected 有影响的；C. confused 困惑的；D. depressed 沮丧的。前文说到当消费者感到沮丧时，就会被驱使去消费，所以这里 depressed 项对应。故选 D 项。

　【点睛】

　完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 19 和 20 小题都可以根据后文或者前文提到的关键词 retail therapy 或feeling blue 来推理。

　2.【 【 阅读理解】

　】

　【答案】

　21．C 22．C 23．D 【分析】

　本文是说明文。文章主要描述人们使用电子产品感到不足，但是作者认为使用一些高科技产品，可能会使人们失去某些方面的能力，但是同时也可能会扩展人们其他方面的能力。

　21． 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “Talking with people who’re good at finding their way around or using paper maps, I often hear lots of frustration with digital maps.”在与那些擅长找路或使用纸质地图的人交谈时，我经常听到人们对电子地图感到沮丧。所以电子地图的缺点是让使用者沮丧。故选 C 项。

　22． 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “What looks like an imperfect product to some has been a significant expansion of my own abilities” 在某些人看来不完美的产品，其实是对自己能力的极大扩展。可以推断出作者是受益于电子地图，是持支持态度的。故选 C 项。

　23． 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While we often lose some skills after leaving the work to technology, it may also allow us to expand our abilities”当我们把工作留给技术后，我们经常会失去一些技能，它也可以让我们扩展我们的能力。以及后面计算器的这个例子，可知通过使用一些高科技产品，可能会使人们失去某些方面的能力，但是同时也可能会扩展人们其他方面的能力。由此判断出，当技术关闭了一扇门，它也打开了一扇门。故选 D 项。

　3.【 【 书面表达】

　】

　【参考范文】

　Good morning, everyone! It is my turn to make a speech here today. As we all know, with the development of science and technology, new types of robots will be invented. They can finish many difficult tasks that can’t be done by us today. The robots will tum out to be quite smart. In appearance, I think the robots may look more like a real human being than a machine. They not only can do all kinds of housework but also can communicate with us in any language we speak. They

　understand how we are feeling. So they can tell some funny stories to make us laugh if we are sad. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】

　【分析】

　该类文章属于开放性作文，没有过多内容要点的限制，留给同学们很大的发挥空间。

　【详解】

　写作时，需要有创造性的思维和丰富的想象力，可以根据自己的想法大胆进行写作。但是要注意语言表达的准确性以及时态的正确使用。

　【点睛】

　文章主题明确，要点齐全，特别是文章中使用了一些复合句，如定语从句 As we all know, that can’t be done by us today；宾语从句 the robots may look more like a real human being than a machine 等。高级短语 with the development of science and technology, communicate with 等的运用给文章增加了不少色彩。另外文章中以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，符合要求。