广东省2020届高考一模英语试题汇编-完形填空专题

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广东省 2020年高考一模英语试题精选汇编-完形填空专题 2020届广东省江门市高三一模英语试题 第一节:完形填空(共210小题;
每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空 白处的敁佳选项。

Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.That’s a total of about 19 billion pounds of___21___. And according to one of the best estimates available, that’s how much plastic waste___22___in our oceans every year. “We're being___23___by our waste,” said Jenna Jam beck, an/a ___24___engineer who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number. According to Jambeck’s research, this___25___will double by 2025 unless something is done,___26___and at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage. Plastic has in many ways been a good help to humanity, used in all walks of ___27___from medical equipment to parts of airplanes. ___28___some of the very traits (特性)that have made plastics so popular have also made them a___29___ problem in our landfills and oceans. Today, plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group that organizes a yearly____30____cleanup event in more than 150 countries worldwide, said plastic pieces ____31____around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans — and that’s just the stuff we can ____32____. Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to ____33____at least 600 different wildlife ____34____. One in three leatherback turtles, which often ____35____plastic bags for edible(可吃的) jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. In 2017, a ____36____ whale beached on Norway’s coast had 30 plastic bags in its____37____. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating ____38____on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent. And it’s not ____39____ wildlife that’s threatened by the plastics in our seas. A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. With this in mind,experts say that all of us have a ____40____role to play in relieving the issue — in ways both big and small. 21. A. seaweed B. seafood C. garbage D. money 22. A. comes from B. ends up C. takes out D. put away 23. A. trapped B. controlled C. surrounded D. destroyed 24. A. medical B. technical C. agricultural D. environmental 25. A. figure B. waste C. price D. cost 26. A. swiftly B. slowly C. hurriedly D. unexpectedly 27. A. time B. education C. technology D. life 28. A. While B. So C. But D. And 29. A. changing B. growing C. moving D. touching 30. A. scientific B. coastal C. general D. tiny 31. A. picks up B. takes up C. makes up D. brings up 32. A. see B. eat C. hide D. search 33. A. influence B. damage C. increase D. threaten 34. A. plants B. animals C. protection D. species 35. A. mistake B. look C. regard D. recognize 36. A. vivid B. deadly C. dead D. lively 37. A. mouth B. stomach C. head D. tail 38. A. waste B. rubbish C. nothing D. plastics 39. A. just B. always C. really D. constantly 40. A. unique B. critical C. reasonable D. natural 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了大量的塑料垃圾对于海洋以及与海洋有关的各种生物包括人在内的威胁,其已然成为一种危机,需要立即采取行动缓解这个问题。

【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这总共是大约190亿磅的垃圾。A. seaweed海草;
B. seafood海鲜;
C. garbage垃圾;
废话;
D. money金钱。根据前文“Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.”可知,这里在讲述曼哈顿区域它被齐踝深的塑料垃圾所覆盖,因此本句在讲述垃圾之多。故选C项。

【22题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意:根据现有最好的估计之一,那就是每年有多少塑料垃圾进入我们的海洋。A. comes from 来自;
B. ends up结束;
倒闭;
C. takes out除掉;
取得(贷款、许可、保险等);
D. put away把……收拾起来。根据前文“Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.( 想象一个面积是曼哈顿34倍的区域。现在想象一下,它被埋在齐踝深的塑料垃圾里。)以及“in our oceans every year”可知,在描述的是我们扔掉的塑料垃圾在以海洋为归宿。故选B项。

【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我们正被垃圾包围,”詹娜·詹姆·贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说,她是一名环境工程师,领导了2015年的一项研究,该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. trapped诱骗;
抓捕;
B. controlled控制;
C. surrounded包围;
D. destroyed毁坏。根据后文“at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.除非在除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。)”可知,她所带领的研究团队公布的惊人数字应是上文提及的垃圾数量,其数量之大使得她认为我们正在被垃圾包围。故选C项。

【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意“我们正被垃圾包围,”詹娜·詹姆·贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说,她是一名环境工程师,领导了2015年的一项研究,该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. medical医学的; 医疗的;
B. technical技术的; 工艺的;
技巧的;
C. agricultural农业的;
D. environmental环保的。根据后文“who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number(她领导了2015年的一项研究,该研究宣布了这个令人震惊的数字。)”可知她应该是从事环保有关的工作。故选D项。

【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:根据Jambeck的研究,这个数字到2025年将会翻倍,除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。A. figure数字;
B. waste废物; 废水;
C. price价格;
D. cost费用;
成本。根据空前的this为指示代词,且结合空后的动词“double(使加倍; 翻倍)”可知,应是指代前文中提及的“a total of about 19 billion pounds of(garbage)”中的数字。故选A项。

【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:根据Jambeck的研究,这个数字到2025年将会翻倍,除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。A. swiftly很快地;
敏捷地;
即刻;
B. slowly缓慢地,慢慢地;
C. hurriedly匆忙地;
仓促地;
D. unexpectedly出乎意料地,意外地。根据前文“this___5_(figure)will double by 2025 unless something is done”可知,要阻止这种增长速度就要迅速立即采取措施。故选A项。

【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:塑料在很多方面都对人类有很大的帮助,从医疗设备到飞机零部件的各行各业都在使用塑料。A. time时间;
B. education教育;
C. technology技术;
D. life生命;
生活。根据后文“from medical equipment to parts of airplanes(从医疗设备到飞机部件)”可知,本句在强调塑料存在在各行各业。“all walks of life”,固定结构,意为“各行各业”。故选D项。

28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意:但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎,也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重的问题。A. While当……时候;
然而;
B. So因此;
C. But但是;
D. And而且。根据后文“some of the very traits that have made plastics so popular have also made them a___9__ problem in our landfills and oceans.”可知使塑料如此受欢迎的一些特性也使它们成为垃圾填埋场和海洋中的难题,因此与前句为转折关系。故选C项。

【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎,也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重的问题。A. changing变化的;
B. growing增加的;
C. moving感人的;

D. touching感人的。根据后文“Today, plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea.”可知塑料是海洋中发现的第一类垃圾,因此对于海洋和陆地来说,塑料是一种不断增长的难题。故选B项。

【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动,该组织表示,从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中,约85%是塑料碎片——这只是我们可以搜索到的东西。A. scientific科学的;
B. coastal沿海的;
C. general大体的;
D. tiny微小的。根据该组织名词“Ocean Conservancy”为海洋保护协会,因此他们应是沿海清理垃圾。故选B项。

【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动,该组织表示,从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中,约85%是塑料碎片——这只是我们可以搜索的东西。A. picks up拾起;
(毫不费力)学会;
B. takes up占用;
开始从事;
C. makes up构成;
弥补;
D. brings up养育;
提出。根据后文“around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans(约占海滩、水道和海洋垃圾总量的85%)”可知,在讲述塑料垃圾的占有量。选项B. take up虽有“占用;
占有”含义,但其占用的是时间、空间或精力,选项C. make up有“构成;
组成”含义,符合语境。故选C项。

【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动,该组织表示,从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中,约85%是塑料碎片——这只是我们可以看见的东西。A. see看见;
B. eat吃;
C. hide隐藏;
D. search寻找。根据前文“collected from beaches waterways and oceans-- and that’s just the stuff”可知发言人在强调这个占比只是从海滩,水路和海洋收集来的可以看得见的垃圾。故选A项。

【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:海洋保护协会说,塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. influence影响;
B. damage毁坏;
C. increase增加;
D. threaten威胁。根据后文解释“One in three leatherback turtles, which often ___15___plastic bags for edible jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies.”可知人们发现,三分之一的棱皮龟的腹部都有塑料制品,因此海洋里的塑料垃圾对于海洋生物来说是有威胁的。故选D项。

【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:海洋保护协会说,塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. plants植物;
B. animals动物;
C. protection保护;
D. species物种。根据后文举例“leatherback turtles”“whale”,“seabirds”可知,本段举例为不同种类野生动物。B项 animals虽有“动物”含义,但不包括鸟类、鱼类、昆虫和人类;
D项species意为“物种;
生物”,含义更广,符合语境。故选D项。

【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:三分之一的棱皮龟经常把塑料袋误认为可食用的水母,它们的腹部被发现有塑料。A. mistake误认为;
B. look看;
C. regard 看待;
D. recognize辨认。根据“plastic bags for edible jellyfish”可知,这种海龟把塑料袋误认为是可以吃的水母,mistake sth for sth,“把某物误认为某物”。故选A项。

【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:2017年,在挪威海岸搁浅的一头死掉的鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. vivid生动的;
B. deadly致命的;
致死的;
C. dead死的;
D. lively活泼的。根据后文“beached on Norway’s coast(在挪威海岸搁浅)”且后文“had 30 plastic bags(有30个塑料袋)”说明该鲸鱼吞食了塑料袋死掉了才会在海岸搁浅。故选C项。

【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:2017年,在挪威海岸搁浅的一头鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. mouth嘴;
B. stomach胃部;
C. head头;
D. tail尾巴。根据前文“had 30 plastic bags”可知,应是有30个塑料袋被吃了,在其胃部发现。故选B项。

【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:百分之九十的海鸟经常食用塑料。A. waste废物; 废水;
B. rubbish垃圾;
C. nothing无关紧要的事;
D. plastics塑料。根据本段中心句“Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to ___13__at least 600 different wildlife….”可知,本段在讲述塑料垃圾对于各种生物的威胁,因此本句应是在表明很多海鸟以塑料垃圾为食。故选D项。

【39题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:不仅仅是野生动物受到海洋塑料的威胁。A. just仅仅;
只是;
B. always总是;
C. really 真正地;
D. constantly不断地;
时常地。根据后文“A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.( 越来越多的证据表明,人类通过食用海鲜来消费塑料。)”可知,不仅仅是野生动物,人类也受到海洋里塑料垃圾的威胁。故选A项。

【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:考虑到这一点,专家们表示,我们所有人在缓解这一问题上都可以发挥关键作用——在大大小小的方面都可以发挥作用。A. unique独特的;
B. critical批评的;
关键的;
C. reasonable合理的;
D. natural自然的。根据后文“play in relieving the issue”可知,在缓解海洋塑料垃圾问题方面,每个人都发挥关键的重要的作用。故选B项。

2020届广东省深圳市高三第一次调研考试英语试题 第一节 完形填空(共20小题;
每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B.C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Yassin Terou owns a restaurant in downtown Knoxville. One morning, he ___21___ early, only to find someone had attempted to rob his shop. A rock was ___22___ thrown through the window and broken pieces were seen everywhere. But since the food is made ___23___ each morning and the cash registers are ___24___ every night, the thief went away empty-handed. After realizing the person who broke in was probably ___25___ in some way, Yassin, instead of being ___26___, put up a sign that read “If you are hungry or need emergency money, just ___27___ till we open! We are more than happy to ___28___ you when we are open!” Sounds unbelievable, right? But to people who know Yassin, it is not ___29___ at all. When he first arrived in the U.S. as a refugee (难民), he struggled to find his_____30_____ because of discrimination. But he quickly discovered the best way to fight the _____31_____he felt was to be loving. With the help of local community (社区),Yassin _____32_____ a restaurant. He welcomes everyone into his restaurant, regardless of their _____33_____. He knows and greets hundreds of _____34_____ by name daily, and the relaxed and _____35_____ atmosphere makes visiting feel like seeing family. At one point, Yassin was accused of “stealing _____36_____ from Americans” by someone who was laid off. Despite the fact that he is a _____37_____ citizen of this country and that he should just have ignored him, he calmly offered to _____38_____ the man who charged him. Yassin’s restaurant was _____39_____ with the title of “Nicest Place of America” by Reader s Digest in 2018. His success comes from the kindness, love and _____40_____ he shows in everything he does. And of course, the food is delicious too! 21. A. dropped in B. slipped away C. showed up D. moved out 22. A. apparently B. carelessly C. casually D. narrowly 23. A. delicious B. fresh C. attractive D. healthy 24. A. checked B. cleaned C. removed D. emptied 25. A. hiding B. compromising C. suffering D. cheating 26. A. disappointed B. annoyed C. relieved D. delighted 27. A. wait B. continue C. escape D. search 28. A. forgive B. accompany C. treat D. help 29. A. satisfying B. amusing C. surprising D. challenging 30. A. place B. strength C. interest D. style 31. A. sympathy B. hate C. loneliness D. anxiety 32. A. inspected B. visited C. decorated D. started 33. A. appearances B. ages C. differences D. characters 34. A. residents B. customers C. tourists D. neighbours 35. A. friendly B. informal C. traditional D. quiet 36. A. money B. food C. dreams D. jobs 37. A. foreign B. legal C. former D. wealthy 38. A. promote B. understand C. employ D. praise 39. A. presented B. associated C. equipped D. covered 40. A. courage B. enthusiasm C. confidence D. acceptance 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了 Yassin Terou的餐馆在关门后被人闯入,但是小偷一无所获。Yassin意识到闯入者可能正遭受某种痛苦后贴出标语,表明自己愿意帮助他的故事并回顾了Yassin在美国创业的成功。除了食物的美味,他的成功来自于他对所做的一切都表现出的善良,热爱和接受。

【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意:一天早上,他很早就来到餐馆,却发现有人曾企图抢劫他的商店。A. dropped in 临时拜访;
B. slipped away 溜走;
C. showed up出现;
D. moved out 搬出去。本段后面提到有人强行闯入了Yassin的餐馆想要抢劫,Yassin在早晨来到餐馆后发现了迹象,选择showed up合乎语境。故选C。

【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:显然有一块石头从窗户扔进了餐馆,屋内到处都可以看到碎片。A. apparently显然地;
B. carelessly粗心地;
C. casually随便地;
D. narrowly 勉强地,狭窄地。Yassin到达餐馆后发现了有人用石块打碎玻璃后进入的证据,因此这是很明显的。故选A。

【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是,由于每天早晨都要新鲜烹制食物,并且每天晚上都要清空收银机,所以小偷空手走了。A. delicious美味的;
B. fresh新鲜的;
C. attractive诱人的;
D. healthy 健康的。小偷没有偷到东西,说明餐馆每天的食物都是新准备的。故选B。

【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是,由于每天早晨都要新鲜烹制食物,并且每天晚上都要清空收银机,所以小偷空手走了。A. checked检查;
B. cleaned清洗;
C. removed移除;
D. emptied 清空。and前后表示的是小偷空手离开餐馆的原因,即每天早晨餐馆的食物都是新准备的及收银机每晚都会被清空。故选D。

【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后,Yassin没有生气,而是贴出标语,上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱,请等我们开门!”A. hiding隐藏;
B. compromising妥协;
C. suffering遭受,受苦;
D. cheating 作弊。由下一段的hungry可知,Yassin意识到这个小偷可能在遭受着饥饿,选择suffering合乎语境。故选C。

【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后,Yassin没有生气,而是贴出标语,上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱,请等我们开门!”A. disappointed失望的;
B. annoyed懊恼的;
C. relieved宽慰的;
D. delighted 欣喜的。Yassin因为有人强行闯入店中会感到生气的,但当他意识到小偷可能在挨饿,他便不再生气了。故选B。

【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后,Yassin没有生气,而是贴出标语,上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱,请等我们开门!”A. wait等待;
B. continue继续;
C. escape 逃逸;
D. search 搜索。Yassin想帮助遭遇困境的人,因此张贴标志,意在向其传递信息:“请等待我们开门,你可以来店里得到我们的帮助”。选择wait合乎语境。故选A。

【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们开门的时候,我们非常乐于帮助你。A. forgive原谅;
B. accompany陪伴;
C. treat对待;
D. help 帮助。由最后一段可知,Yassin是愿意帮助别人的人,因此此处选择help合乎语境。故选D。

【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是对于认识Yassin的人来说,这一点也不令人惊讶。A. satisfying 令人满意的;
B. amusing有趣的;
C. surprising 令人惊讶的;
D. challenging 具有挑战性的。由unbelievable及下一段Yassin乐于助人的事迹可知,了解Yassin的人对于他所做的事情不会感到惊讶的。故选C。

【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当他以难民身份首次到达美国时,他由于受到歧视,因此很费力地寻找自己的位置。A. place地点;
B. strength强度;
C. interest利益;
D. style 样式。Yassin初来美国时,因为受到歧视,在美国社会很难找到自己的位置。find one ’s place:找到自己的位置。故选A。

31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是他很快发现了抗击仇恨的最佳方法是关爱他人。A. sympathy同情;
B. hate讨厌;
C. loneliness孤独;
D. anxiety 焦虑。因为有人歧视Yassin,因此他感受到了别人对他的讨厌。故选B。

【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在当地社区的帮助下,Yassin开了一家餐馆。A. inspected检查;
B. visited参观;
C. decorated装饰;
D. started 开始,启动。由下文的他欢迎每个人进入餐馆可知,来到美国后,他开了一家餐馆。故选D。

33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他欢迎每个人进入他的餐厅,无论他们有什么区别。A. appearances出现;
B. ages年龄;
C. differences差异;
D. characters 人物。Yassin欢迎每个人进入餐馆,因此他不去理会人和人的不同,他不会像某些人歧视他一样而去歧视别人。故选C。

【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他每天都会认识并招呼数百名顾客,而轻松友好的气氛使就餐者像看见家人一样。A. residents居民;
B. customers顾客;
C. tourists游客;
D. neighbours 邻居。Yassin开了餐馆,因此每天要迎接很多顾客。故选B。

【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他每天都会认识并招呼数百名顾客的名字,而轻松友好的气氛使就餐者像看见家人一样。A. friendly友好的;
B. informal非正式的;
C. traditional传统的;
D. quiet 安静的。顾客到店后感觉像是看到家人一样,因此餐馆的气氛是让人感到放松的和友好的。故选A。

【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一次,Yassin被一个被解雇的人指控“偷美国人的工作”。A. money钱;
B. food食物;
C. dreams梦;
D. jobs 工作。有人失去了工作,其职责Yassin偷走了工作。故选D。

【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有一次,Yassin被一个被解雇的人指控“偷美国人的工作”。A. foreign国外的;
B. legal合法的,法律的;
C. former 从前的;
D. wealthy 富裕的。Yassin本可以不理会指控他的人,因此可知Yassin是一个合法的公民。故选B。

【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:Yassin是这个国家的合法公民,他本应该不理会这个人,但Yassin还是冷静地提出要雇用这个人。A. promote促进;
B. understand理解;
C. employ雇佣;
D. praise 赞美。因为Yassin的乐于助人,即使面对指责,他也雇佣了那个失去工作的人。故选C。

【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Yassin的餐馆在2018年被《读者文摘》授予“美国最美地点”的称号。A. presented提出;
B. associated联系;
C. equipped装备;
D. covered 遮盖。Yassin的善举使他获得了称赞,被授予了荣誉。present…with…:授予,将某物赠与某人。故选A。

【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的成功来自于他对自己所做的一切都表现出善良,热爱和接受。A. courage勇气;
B. enthusiasm热情;
C. confidence自信;
D. acceptance 接受。从Yassin的经历可知,他的成功源自他对一切的包容,关爱和善良,此处并列的三个名词是对Yassin品质的总结。故选D。

2020年广东省广州市高考第一次调研测试英语试题 第一节 完形填空(共20小題;
每小題1.5分,満分30分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。. Have you ever heard someone say that he can't see the forest for the trees? If so, you may have ___21___ what this curious phrase means. If you can see the trees, how is the forest not ___22___, too? This popular phrase accurately describes situations in which people sometimes get so caught up with the ___23___ that they lose sight of the big picture. ___24___, you're paying so much attention to the trees that you forget that the trees are just part of a ___25___ forest. This is a problem we all ___26___ from time to time. When observing our world, it’s easy to focus on the interesting details and ___27___ larger concepts. For ___28___, though, it's important to be able to focus on both the forest and the trees. Since the ___29___ of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been ___30___. The first scientists used their ___31___ to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them. Through these ___32___, they learned about their world and began to search for answers to the questions that ___33___ arose. Today scientists ___34___ rely upon their five senses to make observations. However, they also take advantages of modern ___35___ to make observations with a wide variety of tools. These enable them to “see” the world in ways beyond what their five senses ___36___. From satellite telescopes atomic microscopes, ___37___ scientists use these tools to observe the world in ways never ___38___ by early scientists. Some of these tools allow them to ___39___ small details while others help them to see the big ___40___. 21. A. wondered B. believed C. explained D. described 22. A. acceptable B. accessible C. visible D. possible 23. A. reasons B. problems C. effects D. details 24. A. In contrast B. In return C. In other words D. In the meantime 25. A. better B. larger C. clearer D. greener 26. A. seek out B. pass by C. agree on D. meet with 27. A. catch B. ignore C. comprehend D. misuse 28. A. observers B. farmers C. scientists D. leaders 29. A. beginning B. separation C. recovery D. removal 30. A. forgotten B. welcomed C. impossible D. important 31. A. senses B. feelings C. environments D. experiences 32. A. errors B. gifts C. observations D. inventions 33. A. luckily B. naturally C. exactly D. occasionally 34. A. even B. yet C. never D. still 35. A. technologies B. theories C. discoveries D. efforts 36. A. release B. allow C. prefer D. enjoy 37. A. famous B. young C. popular D. modern 38. A. imagined B. suggested C. remembered D. convinced 39. A. create B. study C. copy D. choose 40. A. cause B. change C. picture D. achievement 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“只顾细节不顾大局”这一表述的来源,从科学家做研究的角度综合分析了细节与大局的利弊关系,告诉我们注重细节的同时也要顾全大局。

【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你听到有人说他只见树木不见森林,你可能很想知道这个令人好奇的句子意味着什么。A. wondered想知道;
B. believed 相信;
C. explained解释;
D. described描述。结合横线后“what this curious phrase means”分析语境可知,此处使用wondered意为“想知道”切合题意。故选A项。

【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果你能看见树,怎么会看不见森林呢?A. acceptable可接受的;
B. accessible可接近的;
C. visible可看见的;
D. possible可能的。根据前文“he can't see the forest for the trees”可知,作者意在表明看见和看不见之间的逻辑关系。C项visible“可看见的”符合语境。故选C项。

【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个表述准确地描述了一种情景,人们有时会很在意细节以至于会看不见整体大局。A. reasons原因;
B. problems问题;
C. effects影响;
D. details细节。通过语境翻译可知,D项details意为“细节”切合题意。故选D项。

【24题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意:换句话说,你太过于关注树以至于忘记了树就是森林的一部分。A. In contrast相反地;
B. In return反过来;
C. In other words换言之;
D. In the meantime同时。通过分析语境可知,此句是前句的进一步解释,存在递进关系,因此In other words意为“换言之”切合题意。故选C项。

【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:你太过于关注树以至于忘记了树就是森林的一部分。A. better更好的;
B. larger更大的;
C. clearer更清晰的;
D. greener更绿的。通过分析本段结构可知,此句与上句互为平行结构,因此也是小细节与大局的关系,即小与大之间的逻辑关系。B项切题。故选B项。

【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:这是我们反复会遇到的问题。A. seek out寻求;
B. pass by路过;
C. agree on同意;
D. meet with遇到。根据语境翻译可知,此处意为meet with“遇到”,D项符合语境。故选D项。

【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们关注自己的世界时,很同意就关注到有趣的细节而忽视了更大的概念。A. catch抓住;
B. ignore忽视;
C. comprehend理解;
D. misuse误用。由空后的“ it's important to be able to focus on both the forest and the trees.“ 可知此处表明我们应该细节与大局兼顾,然而我们很容易注重小细节而忽视整体大局,B项ignore“忽视”切合题意。故选B项。

【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于科学家而言,A. observers观察者;
B. farmers农民;
C. scientists科学家;
D. leaders领导人。根据下段首句可知,接下来讲述科学家的方面,C项scientists“科学家”符合语境。故选C项。

【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:自从几千年科学研究开始,观察力一直都很重要。A. beginning开始,开端;
B. separation分离;
C. recovery恢复;
D. removal移除。联系下文“The first scientists used their senses to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them.”可知科学家门用感官去看、去听、去闻、去感受、去品尝他们周边的世界,通过语境翻译可知A项beginning“开始,开端”切合题意。故选A项。

【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:自从几千年科学研究开始,观察力一直都很重要。A. forgotten遗忘的;
B. welcomed受欢迎的;
C. impossible不可能的;
D. important重要的。通过语境翻译可知,D项important“重要的”切合题意。故选D项。

【31题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意:科学家门用感官去看、去听、去闻、去感受、去品尝他们周边的世界。A. senses感官;
B. feelings感觉;
C. environments环境;
D. experiences经历。通过分析句子成分可知空后see, hear, smell, feel, and taste均为感官,A项切题。故选A项。

【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:通过观察,他们了解了周边的世界,并且开始寻找自然而然出现的问题答案。A. errors错误;
B. gifts礼物;
C. observations观察;
D. inventions发明。根据本段段首句“Since the beginning of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been important.”可知科学家们要做的事情是观察,因此C项observations“观察”符合语境。故选C项。

【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:通过观察,他们了解了周边的世界,并且开始寻找自然而然出现的问题答案。A. luckily 幸运地;
B. naturally自然而然地;
C. exactly格外地D. occasionally偶然地。根据语境翻译可知, B项naturally“自然而然地”切合题意。故选B项。

【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:当今科学家们依赖于他们五官做观察。A. even甚至;
B. yet至今;
C. never从不;
D. still仍然。根据前段可知,现在的科学家依然还依赖五官进行观察,D项符合语境。故选D项。

【35题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意:然而他们也充分利用现代技术运用广泛的工具进行观察。A. technologies技术;
B. theories理论;
C. discoveries发现;
D. efforts努力。根据however前句可知科学家们除了用五官进行观察,也用现代技术手段,A项切题。故选A项。

【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些使他们能够超越五官所允许的层面观察这个世界A. release释放;
B. allow允许;
C. prefer更喜欢;
D. enjoy喜欢。根据前文可知五官给了科学家们得以观察世界的方式,通过现代技术,他们可以超越五官所允许的层面观察这个世界,B项符合语境。故选B项。

【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:从卫星望远镜到原子显微镜,现代科学家使用这些工具以一种早期科学家无法想象的方式观察着世界。A. famous著名的;
B. young年轻的;
C. popular流行的;
D. modern现代的。根据语境翻译可知, D项modern“现代的”切合题意。故选D项。

【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:从卫星望远镜到原子显微镜,现代科学家使用这些工具以一种早期科学家无法想象的方式观察着世界。A. imagined 想象;
B. suggested建议;
C. remembered记住;
D. convinced信服。根据上文可知,这些工具是现代的,表明早期并不存在,因此早期科学家难以想象有这样的工具可以使用,A项imagined“想象”切题。故选A项。

【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些工具中有些可以允许他们研究小细节,而另外一些可以帮助他们看到宏观整体。A. create创造;
B. study研究;
C. copy复制;
D. choose选择。根据语境翻译可知, B项study“研究”切合题意。故选B项。

【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:另外一些可以帮助他们看到宏观整体。A. cause结果;
B. change改变;
C. picture图画、局面;
D. achievement成就。根据第二段中“they lose sight of the big picture”可知,结合分析选项,C项“picture”同词复现。故选C项。

2020年广东省佛山市高考英语模拟试卷(一)
第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;
每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑. 6.(30分)Two Texas football players have gone viral (走红)
after they knelt together in prayer(XX). And it couldn't have come at a more(1)   moment. The final whistle sounded after a(n)(2)    game that saw Sherman High School completely defeat West Mesquite High 56﹣55. What happened next left the crowd (3)   :
Sherman's Gage Smith, instead of(4)   with his team, went over to Mesquite's Ty Jordan and the two took a knee together. The (5)   was that Smith recently learned that Jordan's mother, Tiffany, was battling stage 4 cancer, and that was (6)   the two players knelt in prayer for Jordon's family. As the two(7)   , the wife of Smith's coach snapped a picture of the heartwarming moment. And then Jordan's aunt (8)   the image on Facebook, obtaining more than 100,000(9)   in just an hour. The moving(10)   made Tiffany cry. It's been a hard time for Tiffany, who was diagnosed (诊断)
with lung and bone cancer last winter. The(11)   hospital stays cost Tiffany her job earlier this month, and(12)   , her health insurance. And she now has to(13)   the high cost of treatments herself. Smith's(14)   prayer lifted her spirits. Smith said he and Jordan had played on a summer football team together before becoming(15)    this last game. However, Smith won't let this break their(16)   . “During the game,we're gonna play and try to (17)   , but you still have that (18)   for the other opponent,“ says Smith. “I wanted to do that prayer for him.“ “He's such a true leader and he is so(19)   that a lot of the guys on the team(20)   him,“ said head coach J.D. Martinez. “I'm glad that other people are having the opportunity to see it, too.“ (1)A. important B. difficult C. touching D. entertaining (2)A. amusing B. tough C. educational D. nation﹣wide (3)A. embarrassed B. confused C. frustrated D. annoyed (4)A. celebrating B. praying C. practicing D. fighting (5)A. truth B. problem C. news D. secret (6)A. when B. where C. how D. why (7)A. whispered B. hugged C. shook hands D. stood up (8)A. posted B. found C. scanned D. polished (9)A. rewards B. copies C. votes D. likes (10)A. game B. reunion C. gesture D. spirit (11)A. temporary B. over﹣night C. long D. secret (12)A. in turn B. in a way C. for a moment D. without exception (13)A. look forward to B. forget about C. cover D. estimate (14)A. frequent B. daily C. unexpected D. unconditional (15)A. acquaintances B. enemies C. players D. captains (16)A. hearts B. routines C. promise D. bond (17)A. compromise B. cooperate C. learn D. win (18)A. respect B. passion C. blame D. sorrow (19)A. enthusiastic B. ambitious C. aggressive D. sympathetic (20)A. inspired B. followed C. instructed D. understood 【答案】 【分析】本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在比赛中,我们比赛,并试图赢,但你仍然需要尊重另一个对手. 【解答】CBBAA DBADC CACCB DDADB 1.C. 考查形容词辨析.A. important 重要的;
B. difficult 困难的;
C. touching 触摸;
D. entertaining娱乐;
它不可能在一个更感人的时刻出现.故选C 2.B. 考查形容词辨析.A. amusing有趣的;
B. tough 强硬的;
C. educational 教育;
D. nation﹣wide 全国范围;
在一场艰难的比赛之后,终场哨声响起,谢尔曼中学以56:55击败西梅斯基高中.故选B 3.B. 考查形容词辨析.A. embarrassed 尴尬的;
B. confused 困惑;
C. frustrated丧;
D. annoyed 恼火的;
接下来发生的事情让人群感到困惑:谢尔曼的盖奇史密斯,没有和他的球队一起庆祝,去了梅斯基特的泰•乔丹,两人一起屈膝.故选B 4.A. 考查动词辨析.A. celebrating庆祝;
B. praying XX;
C. practicing 练习;
D. fighting战斗;
接下来发生的事情让人群感到困惑:谢尔曼的盖奇史密斯,没有和他的球队一起庆祝,去了梅斯基特的泰•乔丹,两人一起屈膝.故选A 5.A. 考查名词辨析.A. truth真理;
B. problem问题;
C. news 新闻;
D. secret 秘密;
事实是,史密斯最近得知乔丹的母亲,蒂芙尼,正在与4期癌症作斗争,这就是为什么两名球员跪下来为乔登的家人XX的原因.故选A 6.D. 考查关联词辨析.事实是,史密斯最近得知乔丹的母亲,蒂芙尼,正在与4期癌症作斗争,这就是为什么两名球员跪下来为乔登的家人XX的原因.故选D 7.B. 考查动词辨析.A. whispered低声说;
B. hugged拥抱;
C. shook hands 握手;
D. stood up站起来;
当两人拥抱时,史密斯教练的妻子拍下了一张温暖时刻的照片.故选B 8.A. 考查动词辨析.A. posted已发布;
B. found 找到;
C. scanned 扫描的;
D. polished 抛光的;
后乔丹的姑姑在Face book上发布了这张照片,在短短一个小时内获得了超过10万个赞.故选A 9.D. 考查动词辨析.A. rewards 奖励;
B. copies副本;
C. votes 投票;
D. likes 喜欢;
后乔丹的姑姑在Face book上发布了这张照片,在短短一个小时内获得了超过10万个赞.故选D 10.C. 考查名词辨析.A. game 游戏;
B. reunion重聚;
C. gesture 手势;
D. spirit 精神;
动人的手势让蒂芙尼哭了.故选C 11.C. 考查形容词辨析.A. temporary 暂时的;
B. over﹣night 一夜之间;
C. long长;
D. secret秘密;
长时间的住院使蒂芙尼在本月早些时候失去了工作,而她的医疗保险也是如此.故选C 12.A. 考查短语辨析.A. in turn依次;
B. in a way 在某种程度上;
C. for a moment 一会儿;
D. without exception 无一例外;
长时间的住院使蒂芙尼在本月早些时候失去了工作,而她的医疗保险也是如此.故选A 13.C. 考查短语辨析.A. look forward to 期待;
B. forget about忘记;
C. cover 封面;
D. estimate估计;
她现在必须自己承担高昂的治疗费用.故选C 14.C. 考查形容词辨析.A. frequent 频繁;
B. daily 每日;
C. unexpected 意外的;
D. unconditional 无条件的;
史密斯出人意料的XX使她振奋起来.故选C 15.B. 考查名词辨析.A. acquaintances熟人;
B. enemies敌人;
C. players 玩家;
D. captains船长;
史密斯说,在最后一场比赛成为敌人之前,他和乔丹曾经一起参加过一支夏季足球队.故选B 16.D. 考查名词辨析.A. hearts 红心;
B. routines 例行程序;
C. promise承诺;
D. bond 联系;
但是,史密斯不会让这打破他们的联系.故选D 17.D. 考查动词辨析.A. compromise妥协;
B. cooperate合作;
C. learn 学习;
D. win获胜;
“在比赛中,我们将比赛,并试图赢,但你仍然尊重另一个对手,“史密斯说.故选D 18.A. 考查名词辨析.A. respect尊重;
B. passion 激情;
C. blame 责备;
D. sorrow悲伤;
“在比赛中,我们将比赛,并试图赢,但你仍然尊重另一个对手,“史密斯说.故选A 19.D. 考查形容词辨析.A. enthusiastic 热情的;
B. ambitious雄心勃勃的;
C. aggressive 好斗的;
D. sympathetic 同情的;
他是一个真正的领导者,他是如此的同情,以至于球队里的很多人都跟着他,故选D 20.B. 考查动词辨析.A. inspired灵感;
B. followed 跟随;
C. instructed 指导;
D. understood明白;
他是一个真正的领导者,他是如此的同情,以至于球队里的很多人都跟着他,故选B 【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意,一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一遍,才能大概了解文章内容,千万不要看一句,做一句.其次要逐句分析,前后一致,选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等.这篇完型要多注意:填空时多联系上下文,注意固定搭配,答案全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅了,用词得当,意思正确. 深圳市龙岗区建文高中2020届高三英语第一次模拟考试 第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was a new faculty (教职员)member, I believed imagination lived not in the classroom, but in the laboratory. But when my life took an unexpected turn, I realized how 21 I had been. As a research adviser for graduate students for about ten years, I 22 my research and finally became a tenured professor (终身教授). When my niece Sophia was orphaned, I became her single parent. Considering giving Sophia the 23 she needed, I chose to 24 undergraduates instead, so I could get home early each evening. However, it was hard to 25 a research program that had influenced my career. To stay close to the research world, I began to 26 journal articles in my undergraduate class, expecting students, lively 27 about the latest discoveries in them. To my 28, my students would look through the papers, but they’d 29 dive into them My. Many wouldn’t even look at the 30, which I had expected them to focus on. Later I found there were 31 scientific facts in their textbooks but none of them contained the pieces of data that looked like the ones 32 in scientific papers. Now it made sense: My students enjoyed 33 those established facts, but they 34 deep thought into how those facts were 35. This sudden 36 changed the way of my teaching. I spent some time in class introducing a single paper and analyzing each piece of data. Then in a later class, I added a sense of 37 by forming “grant panels”(经费管委会)that would 38 their proposed studies and select the best three where research funds would be invested. Since then, the students changed. They started to argue about which ideas were 39, expressing admiration for, creative thoughts. It was a thrill to see each student 40 their own powers of inventiveness. It was also a thrill to see my students know how to learn facts. 21. A. fortunate B. wrong C. humorous D. confused 22. A. plugged away at B. made up for C. set aside D. put off 23. A. expectation B. praise C. attention D. information 24. A. teach B. employ C. support D. convince 25. A. imagine B. recognize C. continue D. abandon 26. A. publish B. assess C. distribute D. search 27. A. explanations B. discussions C. stories D. experiences 28. A. relief B. delight C. surprise D. regret 29. A. rarely B. quickly C. clearly D. usually 30. A. covers B. pictures C. facts D. figures 31. A. practical B. abundant C. consistent D. solid 32. A. presented B. translated C. adapted D. argued 33. A. introducing B. questioning C. judging D. memorizing 34. A. preferred B. lacked C. divided D. transformed 35. A. classified B. applied C. invented D. stored 36. A. realization B. interest C. urge D. decision 37. A. calm B. security C. competition D. gratitude 38. A. repeat B. rank C. improve D. finish 39. A. temporary B. controversial C. complete D. superior 40. A. reduce B. appreciate C. remember D. discover 【答案】21-25 BACAD 26-30 CBCAD 31-35 BADBC 36-40 ACBDD

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