典型陷阱题详解-专四定语从句

　典型 陷阱题详解- 定语从句 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.

　A. which was

　 B. it was

　 C. which were

　D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B，将 A、B 中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

　【分析】最佳答案是 C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数 were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为 C）：

　(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops. A. which is

　 B. it is

　 C. which are

　 D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station. A. which are

　B. it is

　 C. which is

　 D. them are (3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A. which are

　 B. it is

　 C. which is

　D. them are

　2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that

　 B. which

　 C. where

　D. what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

　【分析】最佳答案为 C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

　3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that

　 B. who

　C. as

　 D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选 A，许多同学一看到题干中的 such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查 such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

　【分析】最佳答案为 C，不是 A，因为在 such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选 C 的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选 A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用 that。比较下面一题，答案为 A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：

　David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that

　 B. who

　C. as

　 D. whom 请再做以下试题（答案选 D）：

　It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. A. like

　B. that

　 C. which

　D. as

　 4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that

　B. it

　 C. them

　 D. which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。

　【分析】最佳答案是 D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选 D：

　(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that

　 B. it

　C. them

　D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer. A. that

　B. it

　C. them

　D. which (3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper. A. that

　B. it

　 C. them

　D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：

　(4) George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person. A. that

　B. him

　C. them

　D. whom (5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that

　 B. who

　C. them

　D. whom (6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.

　A. that

　B. who

　C. them

　 D. whom

　5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding. A. whom

　 B. them

　 C. which

　D. who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

　【分析】最佳答案是 B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选 A。比较：

　(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. A. which

　B. them

　C. what

　D. that 答案选 B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

　(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which

　 B. them

　C. what

　D. that 答案选 A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词 were。

　(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which

　B. them

　 C. what

　D. that 答案选 B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词 but，使得该句成了一个并列句。

　6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.

　A. their

　B. whose

　C. which

　 D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

　【分析】最佳答案是 A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：

　(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their

　B. whose

　C. which

　 D. that 选 B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。

　(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their

　 B. whose

　C. which

　D. that 选 A。因为句中有并列连词 and，整个句子为并列句。

　(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking. A. their

　 B. whose

　C. which

　D. that 选 A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。

　(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking. A. their

　B. whose

　C. which

　 D. that 选 B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。

　(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their

　B. whose

　 C. which

　D. that 选 B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。

　7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B，误这是非限制性定语从句。

　【分析】正确答案为 D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：

　(1) If you promise to go with us, _________ will be OK. A. as

　 B. which

　C. and it

　D. that (2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡15.

　A. as

　B. which

　 C. what

　D. that (3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me.

　A. that

　 B. which

　 C. and it

　 D. so (4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating.

　A. as

　B. which

　C. what

　 D. that

　 典型高考英语陷阱题详解- 强调句

　1. “How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.” A. it that

　B. he that

　 C. it when

　 D. he which 【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。

　【分析】答案选 A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：

　It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.

　比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：

　(1) Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl? A. since

　 B. as

　 C. that

　D. he 答案选 C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的 Tom 提问而得）。

　(2) What is it _________ his daughter needs most? A. what

　 B. which

　 C. that

　D. if 答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的 a bike 提问而得）。

　2. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.” A. where

　 B. which

　C. that

　D. when 【陷阱】很可能误选 C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。

　【分析】假若选 C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。

　其实，此题的最佳答案是 A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。

　3. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.

　A. which

　B. as

　 C. what

　D. that 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

　【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选 D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：

　(1) It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.

　A. which

　 B. since

　 C. that

　 D. what

　答案选 C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。

　(2) It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or

　what you are. A. one

　 B. that

　C. what

　 D. it 答案选 B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。

　4. It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood. A. which, that

　 B. that, which

　 C. which, which

　D. that, where 【陷阱】几个干扰项...